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jueves, 7 de septiembre de 2017

Marihuana y mortalidad / Marijuana and mortality

Agosto 29, 2017. No. 2795

El riesgo de muerte por hipertensión es tres veces mayor en los adultos que consumen marihuana, en comparación con los no usuarios, sobre la base de datos de un estudio retrospectivo de 1.213 adultos.

The risk of death from hypertension is three times greater in adults who use marijuana, compared with nonusers, based on data from a retrospective study of 1,213 adults.

O risco de morte por hipertensão é três vezes maior em adultos que usam maconha, em comparação com não usuários, com base em dados de um estudo retrospectivo de 1.213 adultos.

Efecto del consumo de marihuana sobre la mortalidad cardiovascular y cerebrovascular: un estudio que utiliza la encuesta nacional de salud y nutrición vinculada archivo de mortalidad.

Effect of marijuana use on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality: A study using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey linked mortality file.

Yankey BA1, Rothenberg R1, Strasser S1, Ramsey-White K1, Okosun IS1.

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Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017 Jan 1:2047487317723212. doi: 10.1177/2047487317723212. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract

Background Reports associate marijuana use with cardiovascular emergencies. Studies relating marijuana use to cardiovascular mortalityare scarce. Recent advance towards marijuana use legalization emphasizes the importance of understanding relationships between marijuana use and cardiovascular deaths; the primary ranked mortality. Recreational marijuana is primarily smoked; we hypothesize that like cigarette smoking, marijuana use will be associated with increased cardiovascular mortalities. Design The design of this study was based on a mortality follow-up. Method We linked participants aged 20 years and above, who responded to questions on marijuana use during the 2005 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to data from the 2011 public-use linked mortality file of the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Only participants eligible for mortality follow-up were included. We conducted Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to estimate hazard ratios for hypertension, heart disease, and cerebrovascular mortality due to marijuana use. We controlled for cigarette smoking and other relevant variables. Results Of the 1213 eligible participants 72.5% were presumed to be alive. The total follow-up time was 19,569 person-years. Adjusted hazard ratios for death from hypertension among marijuana users compared to non-marijuana users was 3.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.20-9.79) and for each year of marijuana use was 1.04 (95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.07). Conclusion From our results, marijuana use may increase the risk for hypertension mortality. Increased duration of marijuana use is associated with increased risk of death from hypertension. Recreational marijuana use potentially has cardiovascular adverse effects which needs further investigation.

KEYWORDS: Marijuana; cannabis; cardiovascular mortality; delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol; hypertension

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Efectos adversos cardiovasculares, cerebrovasculares y vasculares periféricos de la inhalación de marihuana: lo que los cardiólogos necesitan saber.

Adverse cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular effects of marijuana inhalation: what cardiologists need to know.

Thomas G1, Kloner RA2, Rezkalla S3.

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Am J Cardiol. 2014 Jan 1;113(1):187-90. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.09.042. Epub 2013 Oct 5.

Abstract

Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug, with approximately 200 million users worldwide. Once illegal throughout the United States, cannabis is now legal for medicinal purposes in several states and for recreational use in 3 states. The current wave of decriminalization may lead to more widespread use, and it is important that cardiologists be made aware of the potential for marijuana-associated adverse cardiovascular effects that may begin to occur in the population at a greater frequency. In this report, the investigators focus on the known cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral effects of marijuana inhalation. Temporal associations between marijuana use and serious adverse events, including myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, cardiomyopathy, stroke, transient ischemic attack, and cannabis arteritis have been described. In conclusion, the potential for increased use of marijuana in the changing legal landscape suggests the need for the community to intensify research regarding the safety of marijuana use and for cardiologists to maintain an awareness of the potential for adverse effects.

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