Peyote y otros alucinógenos / Peyote and other hallucinogens

Febrero 13, 2018. No. 2993

El Peyote y otros cactos alucinógenos de México Batis A, Rojas M. Biodiversitas 2002 EN LA AMÉRICAINDÍGENA, el empleo de plantas alucinógenas se presenta como una costumbre de profundo arraigo y antigüedad milenaria. El continente americano es el espacio geográfico donde se ha registrado la mayor diversidad de plantas que contienen principios psicoactivos (más de 100 especies). Estas plantas contienen sustancias químicas -alcaloides- capaces de promover estados anormales de conciencia que ocasionan alteraciones visuales, auditivas, táctiles, olfativas e incluso gustativas. Por esta razón son vistas por algunas culturas como portadoras de inteligencia y son consideradas instru PDF El "Viaje interminable" entre los usuarios de nuevas sustancias psicoactivas: psicopatología y psicofarmacología en el trastorno de percepción persistente del alucinógeno. Una revisión sistemática. The "Endless Trip" among the NPS Users: Psychopathology and Psychopharmacology in the Hallucinogen-Persisting Perception Disorder. A Systematic Review. Orsolini L1,2,3, Papanti GD1, De Berardis D3,4,5, Guirguis A1, Corkery JM1, Schifano F1. Author information Front Psychiatry. 2017 Nov 20;8:240. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00240. eCollection 2017. Abstract Hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (HPPD) is a syndrome characterized by prolonged or reoccurring perceptual symptoms, reminiscent of acute hallucinogen effects. HPPD was associated with a broader range of LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)-like substances, cannabis, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, mescaline, and psychostimulants. The recent emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) posed a critical concern regarding the new onset of psychiatric symptoms/syndromes, including cases of HPPD. Symptomatology mainly comprises visual disorders (i.e., geometric pseudo-hallucinations, haloes, flashes of colors/lights, motion-perception deficits, afterimages, micropsia, more acute awareness of floaters, etc.), even though depressive symptoms and thought disorders may be comorbidly present. Although HPPD was first described in 1954, it was just established as a fully syndrome in 2000, with the revised fourth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). HPPD neural substrates, risk factors, and aetiopathogenesys still largely remain unknown and under investigation, and many questions about its pharmacological targets remain unanswered too. A critical mini review on psychopathological bases, etiological hypothesis, and psychopharmacological approaches toward HPPD, including the association with some novel substances, are provided here, by means of a literature search on PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases without time restrictions, by using a specific set of keywords. Pharmacological and clinical issues are considered, and practical psychopharmacological recommendations and clinical guidelines are suggested. KEYWORDS: flashbacks; hallucinations; hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder; hallucinogens; novel psychoactive substances; palinopsia PDF La etnobotánica del uso de plantas psicoactivas: una perspectiva filogenética. The ethnobotany of psychoactive plant use: a phylogenetic perspective. Alrashedy NA#1, Molina J#1. Author information PeerJ. 2016 Oct 5;4:e2546. doi: 10.7717/peerj.2546. eCollection 2016. Abstract Psychoactive plants contain chemicals that presumably evolved as allelochemicals but target certain neuronal receptors when consumed by humans, altering perception, emotion and cognition. These plants have been used since ancient times as medicines and in the context of religious rituals for their various psychoactive effects (e.g., as hallucinogens, stimulants, sedatives). The ubiquity of psychoactive plants in various cultures motivates investigation of the commonalities among these plants, in which a phylogenetic framework may be insightful. A phylogeny of culturally diverse psychoactive plant taxa was constructed with their psychotropic effects and affected neurotransmitter systems mapped on the phylogeny. The phylogenetic distribution shows multiple evolutionary origins of psychoactive families. The plant families Myristicaceae (e.g., nutmeg), Papaveraceae (opium poppy), Cactaceae (peyote), Convolvulaceae (morning glory), Solanaceae (tobacco), Lamiaceae (mints), Apocynaceae (dogbane) have a disproportionate number of psychoactive genera with various indigenous groups using geographically disparate members of these plant families for the same psychoactive effect, an example of cultural convergence. Pharmacological traits related to hallucinogenic and sedative potential are phylogenetically conserved within families. Unrelated families that exert similar psychoactive effects also modulate similar neurotransmitter systems (i.e., mechanistic convergence). However, pharmacological mechanisms for stimulant effects were varied even within families suggesting that stimulant chemicals may be more evolutionarily labile than those associated with hallucinogenic and sedative effects. Chemically similar psychoactive chemicals may also exist in phylogenetically unrelated lineages, suggesting convergent evolution or differential gene regulation of a common metabolic pathway. Our study has shown that phylogenetic analysis of traditionally used psychoactive plants suggests multiple ethnobotanical origins and widespread human dependence on these plants, motivating pharmacological investigation into their potential as modern therapeutics for various neurological disorders. KEYWORDS: Drug discovery; Ethnopharmacology; Evolutionary ethnobotany; Neuropsychopharmacology; Psychotropic; Traditional medicine PDF Avances recientes en la neuropsicofarmacología de los alucinógenos serotoninérgicos. Recent advances in the neuropsychopharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens. Halberstadt AL1. Author information Behav Brain Res. 2015 Jan 15;277:99-120. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.016. Epub 2014 Jul 15. Abstract Serotonergic hallucinogens, such as (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin, and mescaline, are somewhat enigmatic substances. Although these drugs are derived from multiple chemical families, they all produce remarkably similar effects in animals and humans, and they show cross-tolerance. This article reviews the evidence demonstrating the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor is the primary site of hallucinogen action. The 5-HT2A receptor is responsible for mediating the effects of hallucinogens in human subjects, as well as in animal behavioral paradigms such as drug discrimination, head twitch response, prepulse inhibition of startle, exploratory behavior, and interval timing. Many recent clinical trials have yielded important new findings regarding the psychopharmacology of these substances. Furthermore, the use of modern imaging and electrophysiological techniques is beginning to help unravel how hallucinogens work in the brain. Evidence is also emerging that hallucinogens may possess therapeutic efficacy. KEYWORDS: 5-HT2A receptor; Head twitch; Prefrontal cortex; Psychedelic; Visual effects PDF Charcot, Mitchell y Lees: pensadores libres de neurología y sus experiencias con drogas psicoactivas. Charcot, Mitchell and Lees: neurology free thinkers and their experiences of psychoactive drugs. Teive HA1, Germiniani FM1, Kowacs PA2, Munhoz RP3. Author information Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2016 Dec;74(12):1035-1038. doi: 10.1590/0004-282X20160160. Abstract Three world-famous neurologists, Charcot and Mitchell, in the 19th century, and Lees, in this century, all of whom had great scientific curiosity, experimented with the psychoactive drugs hashish, mescal and yagé, respectively, in an attempt to increase their knowledge of neurological diseases and how the brain works. PDF Safe Anaesthesia Worldwide Delivering safe anaesthesia to the world's poorest people Informes / Information World Congress on Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine April 19-21, 2018, New York City, USA Informes / Information

Anestesiología y Medicina del Dolor 52 664 6848905 vwhizar@anestesia-dolor.org anestesia-dolor.org

Enfermedad degenerativa del disco y dolor de espalda baja

http://www.columnavertebralpediatricaygeriatrica.com.mx/

Enfermedad degenerativa del disco y dolor de espalda baja
Enfermedad degenerativa del disco de la columna lumbar

Degenerative Disc Disease and Low Back Pain
Lumbar Spine Degenerative Disc Disease

Fuente

Este artículo y/ video es originalmente publicado en:

https://www.spineuniverse.com/conditions/degenerative-disc/degenerative-disc-disease-low-back-pain

De:

Written by Stewart G. Eidelson, MD

Todos los derechos reservados para:

© 1999-2018 Vertical Health, LLC
This information is not designed to replace a physician’s independent judgment about the appropriateness or risks of a procedure for a given patient. Always consult your doctor about your medical conditions or back problem. SpineUniverse does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Use of the SpineUniverse.com site is conditional upon your acceptance of our User Agreement

¿Qué sucede cuando se le diagnostica una enfermedad degenerativa del disco?

What happens when you are diagnosed with degenerative disc disease? https://t.co/Q8SvGQAcIq pic.twitter.com/DOob1IF9nH

— SpineUniverse (@SpineUniverse) 12 de febrero de 2018

Artroplastia de rodilla

http://www.traumaysiniestros.com.mx/traumatologia/artroplastia-de-rodilla/

Fuente Este artículo es originalmente publicado en:  

http://www.efortopenreviews.org/content/2/12/496

De:

Louis Dagneaux, Julien Bourlez, Benjamin Degeorge, François Canovas

DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.170037 Published 15 December 2017

  Todos los derechos reservados para:

Copyright © 2018 THE BRITISH EDITORIAL SOCIETY OF BONE & JOINT SURGERY and EFORT All Rights Reserved.

Registered charity no: 209299. EOR Print ISSN:2396-7544 | Online ISSN:2058-5241

    #La tasa de supervivencia de #artroplastia de rodilla es del 95%, mayor que hace 10 años, pero no se evaluó específicamente en pacientes muy activos que practican deporte a una alta intensidad. #OpenReviews guía de información sobre el regreso al deporte después de TKA / UKA    

#Knee #arthroplasty survival rate is 95%, greater than it was 10y. ago, but not specifically evaluated in very active patients practicing sport at a high intensity. #OpenReviews info guide on return to sport after TKA/UKA https://t.co/3G9rRMtQVl #Sports #surgery #orthopaedics pic.twitter.com/NH627juHWr

— EFORT (@EFORTnet) 13 de febrero de 2018

Resultados de una artroplastia total anatómica de hombro con una artroplastia total reversa de hombro contralateral

http://www.lesionesdeportivas.com.mx/academia/resultados-de-una-artroplastia-total-anatomica-de-hombro-con-una-artroplastia-total-reversa-de-hombro-contralateral/

Outcomes of an anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty with a contralateral reverse total shoulder arthroplasty

Fuente

Este artículo es originalmente publicado en:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29398394

http://www.jshoulderelbow.org/article/S1058-2746(17)30824-8/fulltext

De:

Cox RM1, Padegimas EM1, Abboud JA1, Getz CL1, Lazarus MD1, Ramsey ML1, Williams GR Jr1, Horneff JG 3rd2.

J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2018 Feb 1. pii: S1058-2746(17)30824-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2017.12.005. [Epub ahead of print]

Todos los derechos reservados para:

Copyright © 2017 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

It is common for patients to require staged bilateral shoulder arthroplasties. There is a unique cohort of patients who require an anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and a contralateral reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). This study compared the outcomes of patients with a TSA in 1 shoulder and an RSA in the contralateral shoulder.

CONCLUSION:

Despite known limitations and differences between TSA and RSA designs, patients who have received both implants are highly satisfied with both. The only parameter in which the TSA had superior outcomes was internal rotation.

KEYWORDS:

Total shoulder arthroplasty; bilateral shoulder arthroplasty; clinical outcomes; functional outcomes; reverse shoulder arthroplasty; shoulder arthroplasty

Resumen

ANTECEDENTES:

Es común que los pacientes requieran artroplastias bilaterales de hombro por etapas. Existe una cohorte única de pacientes que requieren una artroplastia total de hombro (TSA) anatómica y una artroplastia de hombro inversa contralateral (RSA). Este estudio comparó los resultados de los pacientes con una TSA en 1 hombro y un RSA en el hombro contralateral.

CONCLUSIÓN:

A pesar de las limitaciones y diferencias conocidas entre los diseños de TSA y RSA, los pacientes que han recibido ambos implantes están muy satisfechos con ambos. El único parámetro en el que la TSA tuvo mejores resultados fue la rotación interna.

PALABRAS CLAVE:

Artroplastia total del hombro; artroplastia bilateral de hombro; resultados clínicos; resultados funcionales; artroplastia reversa de hombro; artroplastia de hombro

Copyright © 2017 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PMID:  29398394  DOI:  10.1016/j.jse.2017.12.005

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Dolor postoperatorio / Postoperative pain

Febrero 5, 2018. No. 2985

Nuevos enfoques en el tratamiento del dolor agudo postoperatorio N. Esteve Pérez , C. Sansaloni Perelló , M. Verd Rodríguez , H. Ribera Leclercy C. Mora Fernández Rev. Soc. Esp. del Dolor, Vol. 24, N.º 3, Mayo-Junio 2017 PDF Aspectos básicos del dolor postoperatorio y la analgesia multimodal preventiva Dr. Jorge Rosa-Díaz, Dr. Víctor Navarrete-Zuazo, Dra. Miosotis Díaz-Mendiondo Revista Mexicana de Anestesiología Volumen 37, No. 1, enero-marzo 2014 PDF Avances recientes en el manejo del dolor agudo: comprensión de los mecanismos del dolor agudo, la prescripción de opiáceos y el papel de la terapia del dolor multimodal. Recent advances in acute pain management: understanding the mechanisms of acute pain, the prescription of opioids, and the role of multimodal pain therapy. Wardhan R1, Chelly J2. Author information F1000Res. 2017 Nov 29;6:2065. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.12286.1. eCollection 2017. Abstract In this review, we discuss advances in acute pain management, including the recent report of the joint American Pain Society and American Academy of Pain Medicine task force on the classification of acute pain, the role of psychosocial factors, multimodal pain management, new non-opioid therapy, and the effect of the "opioid epidemic". In this regard, we propose that a fundamental principle in acute pain managementis identifying patients who are most at risk and providing an "opioid free anesthesia and postoperative analgesia". This can be achieved by using a multimodal approach that includes regional anesthesia and minimizing the dose and the duration of opioid prescription. This allows prescribing medications that work through different mechanisms. We shall also look at the recent pharmacologic and treatment advances made in acute pain and regional anesthesia. KEYWORDS: acute pain; multimodal therapy; pharmacogenetics; psychosocial factors PDF Safe Anaesthesia Worldwide Delivering safe anaesthesia to the world's poorest people Informes / Information World Congress on Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine April 19-21, 2018, New York City, USA Informes / Information

Anestesiología y Medicina del Dolor 52 664 6848905 vwhizar@anestesia-dolor.org anestesia-dolor.org