| Tendencias de manejo de la fibrilación auricular post cirugía cardíaca |
Atrial fibrillation post cardiac surgery trends toward management
Awad A.R. Alqahtani
Department of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
Heart Views 2010:11: 57-63. DOI: 10.4103/1995-705X.73212
Post operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is more common than before due to increased numbers of cardiac surgeries. This in turn is associated with increased incidence of post operative complication, length of hospital stay and subsequent increase the cost of hospitalization. Therefore preventing and/or minimizing atrial fibrillation by pharmacological or nonpharmacological means is a reasonable goal. POAF has also been associated with postoperative delirium and neurocognitive decline. The precise pathophysiology of POAF is unknown, however most of the evidence suggests it is multifactorial. Different risk factors have been reported, and many studies have evaluated the prophylactic effects of different interventions. This review article highlights the incidence, risk factors, and pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment strategies of POAF
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Síndrome cardiorrenal en diabetes mellitus |
The cardiorenal syndrome in diabetes mellitus
Hussein H. Karnib, Fuad N. Ziyadeh
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010 Sep;89(3):201-8.
Abstract
The cardiorenal syndrome in patients with diabetes mellitus represents a systemic condition that affects both the cardiovascular and renal systems. Diabetes is a well established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and a significant proportion of diabetic patients go on to develop clinically significant nephropathy. In the diabetic state the kidney is involved by progressive sclerosis/fibrosis and proteinuria, due most likely to overactivity of the transforming growth factor-beta system and, to some extent, the vascular endothelial growth factor system, respectively. The pathogenesis of CVD in diabetes is multifactorial, involving hemodynamic forces, humoral/metabolic factors, and oxidative stress. Additionally, it has been suggested that endothelial dysfunction may lead to simultaneous development and progression of renal and cardiac pathology in diabetes. The risk of microvascular complications can be reduced by intensive glycemic control in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus whereas benefit to the cardiovascular system is less clear. However, intensified intervention involving other CVD risk factors like hypertension and dyslepidemia and interception of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in patients with type 2 diabetes have been shown to be associated with significant reduction in the risk for renal disease progression that was paralleled by a significant reduction in cardiovascular disease burden.
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