domingo, 22 de abril de 2012

Magazine



Photo illustration by Clang

Can You Make Yourself Smarter?

A new memory game has revived the tantalizing notion that people can work their way to a higher I.Q.

How Exercise Could Lead to a Better Brain

A mouse that runs all the time is smarter than one that doesn’t. Probably true for people, too.

The Maniac in Me

If I couldn’t conquer my anxiety, the least I could do was understand it.

Post-Prozac Nation

Just because the wonder drugs of the ’90s have disappointed doesn’t mean the science should be completely discarded. But it does mean we need a more sophisticated theory of depression.

How Psychedelic Drugs Can Help Patients Face Death

For a small group of researchers and their patients facing death, psychedelic drugs aren’t a hippie palliative. They’re a new way to approach the most dire time of life.
IT’S THE ECONOMY
Inventions featured at a recent Inventors Association of Manhattan meeting included Stickpods, left, an apparatus for holding lollipops, and TrakPak360, right, a utility belt with a plastic track for moving pouches around.

Searching for the Next Snuggie

Is this really the golden age for inventors?
MAKERS
In addition to being prevalent in business presentations and the like, the pie chart is so popular that a number of products either adopt it as part of their design or actually assume its shape. Above, a few examples.

Who Made That Pie Chart?

The origin (and enemies) of the ubiquitous graph.
Sunday Puzzles

You can now download and print the popular variety puzzles from the Sunday magazine free online. Look below for links to this week’s puzzle as well as answers to last week’s.

Put Your Ethics Where Your Mouth Is

Which reader-submitted argument for eating meat is the most convincing? Vote now.
ABSTRACT SUNDAY
First Aid
Six maneuvers for strangers in distress.
WELL

Are Most People in Denial About Their Weight?

Our brains’ problem with obesity.
DOMAINS

Jeffrey Deitch’s Party House

The museum director on chats with Andy Warhol and the worst art to live with.
THE ETHICIST

My Sister’s Last Pleasure

Imagining another’s wishes.
THE ONE-PAGE MAGAZINE

Romney’s Choice

The Lions Club will come to order in Beijing; bobbleheads at Gettysburg.
LIVES

The Ripped, Bikini-Clad Reverend

A female priest redefines “Sunday best.”
RIFF

How the Comedy Nerds Took Over

“Nerd comics” drive traditional stand-ups insane. Which is a shame, because they’re leading a renaissance in comedy.

Reply All

From the Archive

Do Cellphones Cause Brain Cancer?

Yes, no, maybe — the answer seems to change with every new study. Finding the definitive solution turns out to be a science in itself.

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Multimedia

INTERACTIVE FEATURE: Murakami’s Tokyo

During Sam Anderson’s trip to Japan for his interview with the novelist Haruki Murakami, he visited the places mentioned in Murakami’s fiction as well as sites significant to Murakami’s life and career.

INTERACTIVE GRAPHIC: What Are the Chances for Republicans?

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The Educational Experiences That Change a Life

The intellectual glamour couple of Oak Forest High, Frank Lloyd Wright’s Baghdad, a draconian English boarding school.
LOOK

Ten Years’ Time: Images From a Post-9/11 World

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A new look at nine classic pictures from the magazine’s past.
Send a Letter to the Editor
Letters should be addressed to Letters to the Editor, Magazine, The New York Times, 620 Eighth Avenue, 6th Floor, New York, N.Y., 10018. The e-mail address is: magazine@nytimes.com. All letters should include the writer's name, address and daytime telephone number. We are unable to acknowledge or return unpublished letters. Letters may be edited for length and clarity.

Alex Prager for The New York Times
Touch of Evil
A video gallery of cinematic villainy, inspired by nefarious icons and featuring the best performers from the year in film.
A Gallery of Masters
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sábado, 21 de abril de 2012

Que será mas trágico?..


7 nuevas formas de aprender sin coste para el individuo conectado


El caparazón: 7 nuevas formas de aprender sin coste para el individuo conectado 

Link to El caparazon


Posted: 20 Apr 2012 08:56 AM PDT
Cuando hablamos de TAC, de Tecnologías para el aprendizaje y el conocimiento, lo estamos haciendo de la abundancia de recursos formativos que la red nos ofrece.  Y eso incluso desde las instituciones más tradicionales del saber, como ocurría en el caso de los ya antiguos Recursos Educativos Abiertos (OER, OCW). Del llamado “Open social learning” emergían cosas como los MOOCs o losTAACs, a los que siguen muchas de las iniciativas que quería comentar en este post.
¿De qué estamos hablando cuando lo hacemos de Aprendizaje social abierto en la actualidad? Estas son algunas de las propuestas más actuales:
-Skillshare parte de la idea de que las ciudades reúnen muchos ingredientes para una educación colaborativa de calidad: densidad, diversidad y un tejido conectivo rico. Un usuario monta una clase y cualquier otro vecino puede pagar para atender. Cocina, diseño de interfaces, fotografía, javascript, etc.)
-General Assembly, espacio para co-working en NYC que está desarrollando un curriculum curado y riguroso.  Combinan el alquiler de espacios para startups con formación nocturna en tecnología y diseño.
-Udacity: Fundada por Sebastian Thrun, profesor de ciencias de la computación en Stanford con una docena de cursos sobre ciencias de la computación: Programar un coche robotizado, aprender criptografía, construir un sistema operativo, etc.
-Coursera, fundada por profesores de ciencias de la computación en Stanford, ofrece formación en aprendizaje computerizado, visión computerizada y teoría del juego.
-El MIT está entrando en el tema, trabajando por ejemplo en un sistema para la gestión de Cursos abiertos online (MITX) que cualquier otra Universidad en el mundo podría utilizar. MITx ofrece gratis un portfolio de cursos del MIT a la comunidad mundial, mejorando a la vez la experiencia educativa de sus alumnos. El primer curso de MITx, sobre circuitos electrónicos, estará disponible en forma de prototipo experimental en Otoño de este 2012. La idea, además, yendo un paso más allá de los MOOCs similares, es ofrecer titulación, distinta de la habitual en el MIT pero también desde la institución.
-La iTunes University constituye ya un repositorio rico de cursos de Stanford, Duke, Yale, etc.
-Udemy: Comunidad de profesores y estudiantes que crean y consumen cursos online en una plataforma web. 25.000 lectures desde 2010, 70,000 vistas al mes, se trata e una comunidad que está creciendo muy rápido.

En fin… ya veis que avanzan las posibilidades, avanza la meritocracia que sin duda nos permitirá vivir mejor a todos/as.

Actualidades médicas


Análisis bibliométrico de las publicaciones en enfermedades infecciosas. Estudio comparativo de diez países en el periodo 2000-2009

Publicado en Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2012;30:236-42. - vol.30 núm 05
Leer en: English
Descargar PDF en: Español

Resumen

Objetivo
Se analiza la productividad y la visibilidad de las publicaciones españolas en la categoría temática de Enfermedades infecciosas en el periodo 2000-2009 y se compara con las correspondientes a otros nueve países.
Métodos
Se utilizó la base de datos Web of Science. El análisis (anual y quinquenal) se restringió a los documentos citables. Los indicadores bibliométricos utilizados fueron el número de publicaciones, la suma de citas recibidas, la mediana y rango intercuartil de las citas recibidas, y el índice h de Hirsch.
Resultados
Se identificaron 76.491 publicaciones (84,1% fueron artículos originales) con un incremento porcentual del 20% entre quinquenios. Los diez países con más de 50.000 citas recibidas fueron Estados Unidos, Reino Unido, Francia, Alemania, Canadá, Holanda, España, Italia, Suiza y Australia. Un 24,8% de las publicaciones se realizó en colaboración internacional y recibieron el 29,9% del total de citas. El 47,1% de las publicaciones correspondían a revistas del primer cuartil y recibieron el 68,1% de las citas totales. La mediana de citas recibidas por todas las publicaciones fue de 9 (rango intercuartil: 4-21). España fue el quinto país por número de publicaciones, el séptimo por citas recibidas y el octavo por índice h. España fue el país con menor porcentaje de publicaciones en revistas del primer cuartil (40,2%), y en colaboración internacional (26,7%).
Conclusiones
En el periodo 2000-2009 se observa una elevada producción de publicaciones por autores españoles, con un elevado ritmo de crecimiento, y una posición destacada en el número total de citas recibidas por las publicaciones.

Palabras clave 
Análisis bibliométrico. Publicaciones científicas. Enfermedades infecciosas. Colaboración internacional.


Dosificación de antibióticos en el tratamiento de las infecciones por SARM en pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda sometidos a técnicas continuas de depuración extrarrenal

Publicado en Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2012;30:249-56. - vol.30 núm 05
Leer en: English
Descargar PDF en: Español

Resumen

La insuficiencia renal aguda es frecuente en pacientes críticos. En aquellos que necesitan depuración extrarrenal, las técnicas contínuas de depuración extrarrenal (TCDE) son una alternativa a la hemodiálisis intermitente cada vez más empleada. En muchas ocasiones, los pacientes críticos presentan una infección, que puede ser causa de shock séptico y del fallo renal. Un tratamiento antibiótico precoz y a dosis adecuadas es fundamental. Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina (SARM) es un patógeno nosocomial frecuente que provoca una eleva morbi-mortalidad en pacientes críticos.
Muchos antibióticos se eliminan de forma significativa por las TCDE, con el riesgo de infradosificación y fracaso terapéutico o aparición de resistencias. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar la evidencia clínica disponible sobre el comportamiento farmacocinético y las recomendaciones posológicas de los principales grupos de antibióticos empleados en el tratamiento de las infecciones por SARM en pacientes sometidos a técnicas continuas de depuración extrarrenal.
Palabras clave Técnicas continuas de depuración extrarenal. Hemofiltración. Hemodiafiltración. Hemodiálisis. Antibióticos. Farmacocinética.


Diagnóstico de laboratorio de la enfermedad fúngica invasora

Publicado en Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2012;30:257-64. - vol.30 núm 05
Leer en: English
Descargar PDF en: Español

Resumen
En los últimos años se han desarrollado varios métodos alternativos a las técnicas convencionales para la detección precoz de la enfermedad fúngica invasora (EFI). En este texto se revisa la utilidad de estos métodos en la práctica clínica y se analiza si pueden considerarse alternativas reales al examen microscópico y al cultivo microbiológico, si solo deben considerarse técnicas complementarias o si deben ser tomadas como técnicas en desarrollo alejadas del laboratorio clínico, disponibles únicamente en centros de referencia. El texto se divide en 3 secciones, ya que analiza por separado las infecciones por Candida, la aspergilosis y las micosis por especies emergentes y poco frecuentes.
Palabras clave Detección de biomarcadores. Diagnóstico precoz. Galactomanano.



Atte.
Dr.Máximo Cuadros Chávez

Etanol gelificado intradiscal


Inyección intradiscal e intramuscular de Discogel- Etanol radiopaco gelificado: evaluación patológica
Intradiscal and Intramuscular Injection of  Discogel® - Radiopaque Gelified Ethanol: Pathological Evaluation
G. GUARNIERI, G. DE DOMINICIS*, M. MUTO
Neuroradiology Service, The Cardarelli Hospital; Naples, Italy
Unit of Pathology, The Cardarelli Hospital; Naples, Italy
The Neuroradiology Journal 23: 249-252, 2010

SUMMARY - This study assessed the impact and modification of intradiscal, intraforaminal, epidural and intramuscular swine injection of a new material, Discogel®- radiopaque gelified ethanolrecently introduced for the mini-invasive treatment of herniated disc. Discogel® is a sterile viscous solution containing ethyl alcohol, cellulose derivative product, added to a radio-opaque element, tungsten. The pig was sedated and under fluoroscopy guidance a needle was positioned within disc L1-L2 followed by intradiscal, intraforaminal, epidural and intramuscular injection of 1 ml of Discogel. As disc control level L4-L5 was considered where nothing was injected. The pig was sacrifed 48 h after injection of discogel and the spine from D10 to S1 was removed and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. The anatomical specimens were cut with an electric saw and analyzed by routine technique then stained with formalin. The specimens containing bone material were treated by DEKAL solution. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin method and then analyzed by histochemical (Masson -Van Gieson PAS and trichromic stains ) and immunochemical methods. Morphostructural examination disclosed a granular material coloured black by hematoxylin-eosin method (tungsten) in paravertebral tissue both in the muscular and connective tissue. Some inflammatory elements like lymphomonocyte cells and venous stasis were found. No alteration was found where discogel was injected, and the nucleus pulposus, disc, chondromixoid and root ganglium were normal. After intradiscal, intraforaminal, epidural and intramuscular injection of Discogel® no morpho-structural changes in nuclear tissue and annulus were found. Further studies on pigs with immunohistochemical analysis after treatment will confirm the morphological alterations induced by discogel and its action. Key words: Discogel, herniated disc
http://www.ortomedica.ro/images/pdf/3.pdf  

Tratamiento percutáneo de las hernias de disco cervicales con etanol gelificado
Percutaneous treatment of cervical disk hernias using gelified ethanol.
Theron J, Cuellar H, Sola T, Guimaraens L, Casasco A, Courtheoux P.
Department of Neuroradiologie, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen, France.theronjcq@aol.com
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010 Sep;31(8):1454-6. Epub 2010 Jan 6.
Abstract
This study investigates the efficacy of chemonucleolysis using RGE in the treatment of cervical disk hernias in a small sample of patients who had cervical diskogenic or radicular pain secondary to disk herniations. Results were satisfactory in 89.5% patients, with no adverse events recorded during the procedure or after. The use of RGE shows promising results and might be a feasible and safe alternative in the treatment of cervical disk hernias

http://www.ajnr.org/content/31/8/1454.full.pdf+html

 
Atentamente
Anestesiología y Medicina del Dolor