Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta muerte. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta muerte. Mostrar todas las entradas

jueves, 22 de junio de 2023

Tasa de mortalidad contemporánea y resultados en nonagenarios después de una revisión aséptica de artroplastia de cadera y rodilla

 https://www.complicaciones-ortopedicas.mx/academia/tasa-de-mortalidad-contemporanea-y-resultados-en-nonagenarios-despues-de-una-revision-aseptica-de-artroplastia-de-cadera-y-rodilla/


Tasa de mortalidad contemporánea y resultados en nonagenarios después de una revisión aséptica de artroplastia de cadera y rodilla

Las tasas de mortalidad fueron del 9 %, 18 %, 26 % y 62 % a los 90 días, un año, dos años y cinco años, respectivamente, pero similares a las de las poblaciones de control.
#Artroplastia #Trauma #Cirugía #BJJ #Arthroplasty #Surgery

Contemporary mortality rate and outcomes in nonagenarians after aseptic revision hip and knee arthroplasty | Bone & Joint (boneandjoint.org.uk)

Los nonagenarios (de 90 a 99 años de edad) han experimentado recientemente el porcentaje de crecimiento demográfico más rápido en deciles en los EE. UU., con el consiguiente aumento en la prevalencia de nonagenarios que viven con artroplastias articulares. Como tal, se espera que aumente el número de artroplastias totales de cadera (ATC) de revisión y artroplastias totales de rodilla (ATR) en nonagenarios. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la tasa de mortalidad, la supervivencia del implante y las complicaciones de los nonagenarios sometidos a ATC de revisión aséptica y ATR de revisión.
Las ATC y ATR de revisión contemporáneas parecían ser relativamente seguras en nonagenarios seleccionados manejados con equipos multidisciplinarios. La causa de la revisión afectó los riesgos de morbilidad y mortalidad. Si bien las complicaciones médicas y quirúrgicas tempranas fueron frecuentes, rara vez resultaron en una nueva operación.

La artroplastia total de cadera (ATC) y la artroplastia total de rodilla (ATR) son procedimientos quirúrgicos que se realizan para reemplazar una articulación dañada por el desgaste, la artritis o una fractura. Estas cirugías pueden mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes al aliviar el dolor y mejorar la movilidad. Sin embargo, en algunos casos, las prótesis pueden fallar o aflojarse con el tiempo, lo que requiere una cirugía de revisión para reemplazarlas.

La cirugía de revisión suele ser más compleja y riesgosa que la cirugía primaria, especialmente en pacientes de edad avanzada. Los nonagenarios (de 90 a 99 años) son un grupo de población que ha experimentado un rápido crecimiento en los últimos años, y que cada vez más vive con artroplastias de cadera y rodilla. Por lo tanto, se espera que el número de revisiones de ATC y ATR en nonagenarios aumente en el futuro.

Un estudio reciente publicado en The Bone & Joint Journal ha analizado los resultados de la cirugía de revisión aseptica (sin infección) de ATC y ATR en nonagenarios, utilizando los datos del registro de artroplastias de la Clínica Mayo en Estados Unidos. El estudio incluyó a 96 nonagenarios que se sometieron a 97 revisiones asepticas (78 caderas y 19 rodillas) entre 1997 y 2018. La edad media al momento de la revisión fue de 92 años, el índice de masa corporal medio fue de 27 kg/m2 y el 67% eran mujeres. El tiempo medio entre la cirugía primaria y la revisión fue de 18 años. Las causas más comunes para la revisión fueron el aflojamiento aséptico y la fractura periprotésica, tanto para las ATC como para las ATR.

Los autores del estudio evaluaron la tasa de mortalidad, la supervivencia del implante, las complicaciones quirúrgicas y médicas, y los resultados funcionales de los pacientes. Los resultados mostraron que:

  • La tasa de mortalidad fue del 9%, 18%, 26% y 62% a los 90 días, un año, dos años y cinco años después de la revisión, respectivamente. Sin embargo, estas tasas fueron similares a las de poblaciones control emparejadas por edad y sexo.
  • La supervivencia del implante fue alta, con una incidencia acumulada de reoperación del 4% a los cinco años. Hubo 43 complicaciones quirúrgicas y cinco reoperaciones. Las complicaciones médicas fueron frecuentes, con una incidencia acumulada del 65% a los 90 días.
  • Los resultados funcionales mejoraron significativamente después de la revisión, según las puntuaciones del Knee Society Score (para las ATR) y el Harris Hip Score (para las ATC).
  • Las revisiones por fractura periprotésica se asociaron con una mayor mortalidad y un mayor riesgo de complicaciones médicas a los 90 días que las revisiones por aflojamiento aséptico.

Los autores concluyen que la cirugía de revisión aseptica de ATC y ATR parece ser relativamente segura en nonagenarios seleccionados y manejados con equipos multidisciplinarios. La causa de la revisión afectó a los riesgos de morbilidad y mortalidad. Aunque las complicaciones médicas y quirúrgicas tempranas fueron frecuentes, rara vez resultaron en reoperación.

Contemporary mortality rate and outcomes in nonagenarians after aseptic revision hip and knee arthroplasty – PubMed (nih.gov)

Contemporary mortality rate and outcomes in nonagenarians after aseptic revision hip and knee arthroplasty | Bone & Joint (boneandjoint.org.uk)

Dagneaux L, Amundson AW, Larson DR, Pagnano MW, Berry DJ, Abdel MP. Contemporary mortality rate and outcomes in nonagenarians after aseptic revision hip and knee arthroplasty. Bone Joint J. 2023 Jun 1;105-B(6):649-656. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.105B6.BJJ-2022-1368.R1. PMID: 37259561.

© 2023 The British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery.

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viernes, 3 de febrero de 2017

Muerte materna en UCI / ICU maternal death



Febrero 3, 2017. No. 2589






Rendimiento de la puntuación de la alerta temprana obstétrica en pacientes críticamente enfermos para la predicción de la muerte materna.
Performance of the Obstetric Early Warning Score in critically ill patients for the prediction of maternal death.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jan;216(1):58.e1-58.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.09.103. Epub 2016 Oct 15.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Every day, about 830 women die worldwide from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth. Obstetric early warning scores have been proposed as a potential tool to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality, based on the identification of predetermined abnormal values in the vital signs or laboratory parameters, to generate a rapid and effective medical response. Several early warning scores have been developed for obstetrical patients, but the majority are the result of a clinical consensus rather than statistical analyses of clinical outcome measures (ie, maternal deaths). In 2013, the Intensive Care National Audit and Research Center Case Mix Program reported the first statistically validated early warning scoring system for pregnant women. OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess the performance of the Intensive Care National Audit and Research Center Obstetric Early Warning Score in predicting death among pregnant women who required admission to the intensive care unit. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study included pregnant women admitted to the intensive care unit at a tertiary referral center from January 2006 through December 2011 in Colombia, a developing country, with direct and indirect obstetric-related conditions. The Obstetric Early Warning Score was calculated based on data collected during the first 24 hours of intensive care unit admission. The Obstetric Early Warning Score is calculated based on values of the following variables: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, heart rate, fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) required to maintain an oxygen saturation ≥96%, temperature, and level of consciousness. The performance of the Obstetric Early Warning Score was evaluated using the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve. Outcomes selected were: maternal death, need for mechanical ventilation, and/or vasoactive support. Statistical methods included distribution appropriate univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: During the study period, 50,897 births were recorded. There were 724 obstetric admissions to critical care, for an intensive care unit admission rate of 14.22 per 1000 deliveries. A total of 702 women were included in the study, with 29 (4.1%) maternal deaths, and a mortality ratio of 56.98 deaths per 100,000 live births. The most frequent causes of admission were direct, obstetric-related conditions (n = 534; 76.1%). The Obstetric Early Warning Score value was significantly higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors [12 (interquartile range 10-13) vs 7 (interquartile range 4-9); P < .001]. Peripartum women with normal values of Obstetric Early Warning Score had 0% mortality rate, while those with high Obstetric Early Warning Score values (>6) had a mortality rate of 6.3%. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of the Obstetric Early Warning Score in discrimination of maternal death was 0.84 (95% confidence interval, 0.75-0.92). The overall predictive value of the Obstetric Early Warning Score was better when the main cause of admission was directly related to pregnancy or the postpartum state. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of the score in conditions directly related to pregnancy and postpartum was 0.87 (95% confidence interval, 0.79-0.95), while in indirectly related conditions the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.77 (95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.96). CONCLUSION: Although there are opportunities for improvement, Obstetric Early Warning Score obtained upon admission to the intensive care unit can predict survival in conditions directly related to pregnancy and postpartum. The use of early warning scores in obstetrics may be a highly useful approach in the early identification of women at an increased risk of dying.
KEYWORDS: intensive care unit; maternal death; maternal mortality; mortality prediction; pregnancy; severity scoring systems; validation

Factores asociados con muerte materna en UCI
Factors associated with maternal death in an intensive care unit.
Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2016 Oct-Dec;28(4):397-404. doi: 10.5935/0103-507X.20160073.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:To identify factors associated with maternal death in patients admitted to an intensive care unit. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted in a maternal intensive care unit. All medical records of patients admitted from January 2012 to December 2014 were reviewed. Pregnant and puerperal women were included; those with diagnoses of hydatidiform mole, ectopic pregnancy, or anembryonic pregnancy were excluded, as were patients admitted for non-obstetrical reasons. Death and hospital discharge were the outcomes subjected to comparative analysis. RESULTS:A total of 373 patients aged 13 to 45 years were included. The causes for admission to the intensive care unit were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, followed by heart disease, respiratory failure, and sepsis; complications included acute kidney injury (24.1%), hypotension (15.5%), bleeding (10.2%), and sepsis (6.7%). A total of 28 patients died (7.5%). Causes of death were hemorrhagic shock, multiple organ failure, respiratory failure, and sepsis. The independent risk factors associated with death were acute kidney injury (odds ratio [OR] = 6.77), hypotension (OR = 15.08), and respiratory failure (OR = 3.65). CONCLUSION:The frequency of deaths was low. Acute kidney injury, hypotension, and respiratory insufficiency were independent risk factors for maternal death.

Diseño y validación interna de una puntuación de alerta temprana obstétrica: análisis secundario de la base de datos del Programa de Case Mix de la Intensive Care National Audit and Research Center.
Design and internal validation of an obstetric early warning score: secondary analysis of the Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre Case Mix Programme database.
Anaesthesia. 2013 Apr;68(4):354-67. doi: 10.1111/anae.12180.
Abstract
We designed and internally validated an aggregate weighted early warning scoring system specific to the obstetric population that has the potential for use in the ward environment. Direct obstetric admissions from the Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre's Case Mix Programme Database were randomly allocated to model development (n = 2240) or validation (n = 2200) sets. Physiological variables collected during the first 24 h of critical care admission were analysed. Logistic regression analysis for mortality in the model development set was initially used to create a statistically based early warning score. The statistical score was then modified to create a clinically acceptable early warning score. Important features of this clinical obstetric early warning score are that the variables are weighted according to their statistical importance, a surrogate for the FI O2 /Pa O2 relationship is included, conscious level is assessed using a simplified alert/not alert variable, and the score, trigger thresholds and response are consistent with the new non-obstetric National Early Warning Score system. The statistical and clinical early warning scores were internally validated using the validation set. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.995 (95% CI 0.992-0.998) for the statistical score and 0.957 (95% CI 0.923-0.991) for the clinical score. Pre-existing empirically designed early warning scores were also validated in the same way for comparison. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.955 (95% CI 0.922-0.988) for Swanton et al.'s Modified Early Obstetric Warning System, 0.937 (95% CI 0.884-0.991) for the obstetric early warning score suggested in the 2003-2005 Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the UK, and 0.973 (95% CI 0.957-0.989) for the non-obstetric National Early Warning Score. This highlights that the new clinical obstetric early warning score has an excellent ability to discriminate survivors from non-survivors in this critical care data set. Further work is needed to validate our new clinical early warning score externally in the obstetric ward environment.
5to curso internacional Anestesiologia cardiotoracica_ vascular_ ecocardiografia y circulaci_n extracorporea.


Curso Internacional de Actualidades en Anestesiología
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán
Cuidad de México, Febrero 9-11, 2017
Informes  ceddem_innsz@yahoo.com 
Curso sobre Anestesia en Trasplantes, Cirugía abdominal, Plástica, Oftalmología y Otorrinolaringología.
Committee for European Education in Anaesthesiology (CEEA) 
y el Colegio de Anestesiólogos de León A.C.
Abril 7-9, 2017, León Guanajuato, México

Informes  (477) 716 06 16, kikinhedz@gmail.com
Regional Anesthesiology and Acute Pain Medicine Meeting
April 6-8, 2017, San Francisco, California, USA
ASRA American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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