| Disfunción de la vía aérea en nadadores |
Airway dysfunction in swimmers.
Bougault V, Boulet LP.
Université Droit et Santé de Lille, Lille, France. valerie.bougault@univ-lille2.fr
Br J Sports Med. 2012 May;46(6):402-6. doi: 10.1136/402 bjsports-2011-090821. Epub 2012 Jan 12
Abstract
Elite competitive swimmers are particularly affected by airway disorders that are probably related to regular and intense training sessions in a chlorinated environment. Upper and lower airway respiratory symptoms, rhinitis, airway hyper-responsiveness, and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction are highly prevalent in these athletes, but their influence on athletic performance is still unclear. The authors reviewed the main upper and lower respiratory ailments observed in competitive swimmers who train in indoor swimming pools, their pathophysiology, clinical significance and possible effects on performance. Issues regarding the screening of these disorders, their management and preventive measures are addressed
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| La salud respiratoria de los deportistas de élite - la prevención de lesiones las vías respiratorias: una revisión crítica |
Respiratory health of elite athletes - preventing airway injury: a critical review.
Kippelen P, Fitch KD, Anderson SD, Bougault V, Boulet LP, Rundell KW, Sue-Chu M, McKenzie DC.
Brunel University, Centre for Sports Medicine & Human Performance, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK. pascale.kippelen@brunel.ac.uk
Br J Sports Med. 2012 Jun;46(7):471-6. Epub 2012 Apr 20.
Abstract
Elite athletes, particularly those engaged in endurance sports and those exposed chronically to airborne pollutants/irritants or allergens, are at increased risk for upper and lower airway dysfunction. Airway epithelial injury may be caused by dehydration and physical stress applied to the airways during severe exercise hyperpnoea and/or by inhalation of noxious agents. This is thought to initiate an inflammatory cascade/repair process that, ultimately, could lead to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and asthma in susceptible athletes. The authors review the evidence relating to prevention or reduction of the risk of AHR/asthma development. Appropriate measures should be implemented when athletes exercise strenuously in an attempt to attenuate the dehydration stress and reduce the exposure to noxious airborne agents. Environmental interventions are the most important. Non-pharmacological strategies can assist, but currently, pharmacological measures have not been demonstrated to be effective. Whether early prevention of airway injury in elite athletes can prevent or reduce progression to AHR/asthma remains to be established.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3371227/pdf/bjsm-46-7-0471.pdf
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