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Monitoreo hemodinámico del obeso mórbido en UCI
Haemodynamic monitoring of morbidly obese intensive care unit patients.
Abstract
Because of technical and practical difficulties in relation to increased body size, haemodynamic monitoring of morbidly obese critically ill patients(i.e. body mass index ≥40 kg÷m2) may be challenging. Obese and non-obese patients are not so different with respect to haemodynamic monitoring and goals. The critical care physician, however, should be aware of the basic principles of the monitoring tools used. The theoretical assumptions and calculations of these tools could be invalid because of the high body weight and fat distribution. Although the method of assessing haemodynamic data may be more complex in morbidly obese patients, its interpretation should not be different from that in non-obesepatients. Indeed, when indexed for body surface area or (predicted) lean body mass, reliable haemodynamic data are comparable etween obeseand non-obese individuals.
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Aumento del uso de los servicios de salud por obesos de cirugía de urgencias
Increased health services use by severely obese patients undergoing emergency surgery: a retrospective cohort study.
Can J Surg. 2015 Feb;58(1):41-7. doi: 10.1503/cjs.003914.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess perioperative outcomes in obese patients undergoing emergency surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all adult (> 17 yr) patients admitted to the acute care emergency surgery service at the University of Alberta Hospital between January 2009 and December 2011 who had a body mass index (BMI) of 35 or higher. Patients were divided into subgroups for analysis based on "severe" (BMI 35-39.9) and "morbid" obesity (BMI ≥ 40). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality after controlling for confounding factors. RESULTS: Data on 111 patients (55% women, median BMI 39) were included in the final analysis. Intensive care unit (ICU) support was required for 40% of patients. Postoperative complications occurred in 42% of patients, and 31% required reoperation. Overall in-hospital mortality was 17%. Morbidly obese patients had increased rates of reoperation (40% v. 23%, p = 0.05) and increased lengths of stay compared with severely obese patients (14.5 v. 6.0 d, p = 0.09). Age (odds ratio [OR] 1.08 per increment) and preoperative ICU stay (OR 12) were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality after controlling for confounding, but BMI was not. CONCLUSION: Obese patients requiring emergency surgery represent a complex patient population at high risk for perioperative morbidity and mortality. Greater resources are required for their care, including ICU support, repeat surgery and prolonged ICU stay. Future studies could help identify predictors of reoperation and strategies to optimize nutrition, rehabilitation and resource allocation.
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Determinantes del éxito o fracaso de ventilación no invasiva en obesos mórbidos con falla respiratoria aguda
Determinants of noninvasive ventilation success or failure in morbidly obese patients in acute respiratory failure.
Lemyze M1, Taufour P1, Duhamel A2, Temime J1, Nigeon O3, Vangrunderbeeck N3, Barrailler S1, Gasan G1, Pepy F1, Thevenin D1, Mallat J1.
PLoS One. 2014 May 12;9(5):e97563. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097563. eCollection 2014.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a common life-threatening complication in morbidly obese patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS). We aimed to identify the determinants of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) success or failure for this indication. METHODS: We prospectively included 76 consecutive patients with BMI>40 kg/m2 diagnosed with OHS and treated by NIV for ARF in a 15-bed ICU of a tertiary hospital. RESULTS: NIV failed to reverse ARF in only 13 patients. Factors associated with NIV failure included pneumonia (n = 12/13, 92% vs n = 9/63, 14%; p<0.0001), high SOFA (10 vs 5; p<0.0001) and SAPS2 score (63 vs 39; p<0.0001) at admission. These patients often experienced poor outcome despite early resort to endotracheal intubation (in-hospital mortality, 92.3% vs 17.5%; p<0.001). The only factor significantly associated with successful response to NIV was idiopathic decompensation of OHS (n = 30, 48% vs n = 0, 0%; p = 0.001). In the NIV success group (n = 63), 33 patients (53%) experienced a delayed response to NIV (with persistent hypercapnic acidosis during the first 6 hours). CONCLUSIONS: Multiple organ failure and pneumonia were the main factors associated with NIV failure and death in morbidly obese patients in hypoxemic ARF. On the opposite, NIV was constantly successful and could be safely pushed further in case of severe hypercapnic acute respiratory decompensation of OHS.
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XIII Congreso Virtual Mexicano de Anestesiología
Octubre a Diciembre 2016
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2017 Winter Anesthesia Conference in Maui
California Society of Anesthesiologists
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