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Detección preoperatoria de apnea obstructiva del sueño antes de cirugía ambulatoria en niños
Screening for Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea before Ambulatory Surgery.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The American Society of Anesthesia practice guidelines recommend that pediatric and adult patients who undergo ambulatorysurgery be screened for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). With this in mind, our objective was to assess the frequency of screening by anesthesiaproviders for the signs and symptoms of OSA in children undergoing surgery in an ambulatory setting. METHODS: Prospective single-blinded observational study of anesthesia providers' preoperative interview of caregivers of consecutive patients younger than age 18 who were scheduled for ambulatory surgery. RESULTS: One hundred one children (30 females) were identified, with a mean age of 6.9 ± 5.0 years; 54 were classified as white, 33 as black, and 14 as other. Total OSA-18 scores ranged from 18 to 97, with a mean of 33.1 ± 14.8. The mean score for adenotonsillectomy patients was higher than that for children who underwent procedures other than adenotonsillectomy. Thirty-one percent of children were screened for OSA, and snoring was the most common symptom recorded (28%). Patients who were screened for OSA were more likely to have snoring (p < 0.001), known OSA (p = 0.006), and a scheduled adenotonsillectomy (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: OSA was not routinely screened for by anesthesia providers prior to ambulatory pediatric surgery. When screening did occur, "snoring" was the most commonly recorded symptom. Paradoxically, patients with undiagnosed OSA who would benefit the most from screening were the least likely to be screened.
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Adenoidectomía. Abordajes actuales y revisión de la literatura
Adenoidectomy: current approaches and review of the literature.
Abstract
Adenoid is a secondary lymphoid organ located in the nasopharynx. Due to its location, it plays an important role in the host defense of the upper respiratory tract. Immunoglobulin G3 and immunoglobulin A1 antibodies are prevalent antibodies in the adenoid tissue. Adenoidal hypertrophy is a common condition in children causing symptoms such as mouth breathing, nasal discharge, snoring, sleep apnea, and hyponasal speech. It also plays a role in the pathogenesis of rhinosinusitis, recurrent otitis media, and otitis media with effusion. Currently, adenoidectomy is one of the most commonly performed pediatric surgical procedures worldwide. Although there is still poor evidence in the literature, recurrent upper respiratory infections, otitis media with effusion, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome are considered to be the main indications of adenoidectomy. Adenoidectomy can be carried out with several techniques and instruments. Although rare, surgery possesses some risks and may cause emotional distress both for the patient and the family. Non-surgical treatments such as intranasal steroids are also used in the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy. In this review, we discuss the current literature on the adenoid function, adenoidectomy indications, and treatment of adenoid hypertrophy.
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Mejora inmediata y sostenida en el comportamiento y la calidad de vida por Adenoamigdalectomía en niños con trastornos respiratorios del sueño.
Immediate and Sustained Improvement in Behavior and Life Quality by Adenotonsillectomy in Children WithSleep-Disordered Breathing.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate longitudinal changes in behavior and quality-of-life (QoL) in children with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) after adenotonsillectomy (AT). METHODS:
This study prospectively enrolled 148 children who underwent AT for SDB. Caregivers filled out Korean attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) rating scale (K-ARS) and Korean version of the obstructive sleep apnea-18 (KOSA-18) at preoperative 1 day, postoperative 1 month, and postoperative 6 months. Longitudinal changes in K-ARS and KOSA-18 were evaluated and compared among subgroups. RESULTS: Both K-ARS and KOSA-18 scores improved immediately at postoperative 1 month and were maintained at postoperative 6 months. The mean preoperative K-ARS scores of the non-ADHD, ADHD-trait, and overt-ADHD groups showed uniformly immediate and sustained improvements. Also, the mean preoperative KOSA-18 scores of the small, moderate, and large impact groups were significantly improved both at postoperative 1 month and 6 months. The changes in behavior and QoL showed no significant differences with regard to the aforementioned factors. CONCLUSION: After AT, we may expect immediate and sustained improvements in behavior and QoL in children with SDB regardless of preoperative symptom severity. Moreover, by performing AT, improvements in behavior and QoL are expected regardless of sex, age, allergic trait, or concurrent coblation-assisted turbinoplasty. These findings may help our colleague physicians counselling pediatric SDB patients and their caregivers.
KEYWORDS: Adenoidectomy; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Quality of Life; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Tonsillectomy
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XIII Congreso Virtual Mexicano de Anestesiología
Octubre a Diciembre 2016
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2º Curso Internacional de Simulación en Vía Aérea FIDIVA
Chile. Noviembre 7-8, 2016
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17h World Congress of Anaesthesiologists, WFSA
Sep 6-11, 2020
Prague, Czech Republic
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