Endocrinopatías y anestesia-Endocrinopathies and anesthesia

Endocrinopatías: Perspectivas actuales y cambiantes en la práctica de la anestesia Endocrinopathies: The current and changing perspectives in anesthesia practice. Bajwa SJ, Kaur G. Indian J Endocr Metab 2015;19:462-9 Abstract The gateways to advancements in medical fields have always been accessed through the coalition between various specialties. It is almost impossible for any specialty to make rapid strides of its own. However, the understanding of deeper perspectives of each specialty or super specialty is essential to take initiatives for the progress of the other specialty. Endocrinology and anesthesiology are two such examples which have made rapid progress in the last three decades. Somehow the interaction and relationship among these medical streams have been only scarcely studied. Diabetes and thyroid pathophysiologies have been the most researched endocrine disorders so far in anesthesia practice but even their management strategies have undergone significant metamorphosis over the last three decades. As such, anesthesia practice has been influenced vastly by these advancements in endocrinology. However, a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between these two partially related specialties is considered to be an essential cornerstone for further progress in anesthesia and surgical sciences. The current review is an attempt to imbibe the current and the changing perspectives so as to make the understanding of the relationship between these two medical streams a little simple and clearer. Keywords: Acromegaly, anesthesia for endocrinopathies, craniopharyngioma, diabetes mellitus, endocrinology, phaeochromocytoma, thyroid crisis PDF

Atentamente Anestesia y Medicina del Dolor anestesia-dolor.org

Medwave, junio del 2015

Hemos completado la edición correspondiente al mes de Junio de 2015, los artículos incluidos son los siguientes:


EDITORIAL

Queremos publicar más estudios cualitativos en salud

Vivienne C. Bachelet, Bernardita Baeza (Chile)

Medwave 2015 Jun;15(5):e6167
http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2015.05.6167


SERIE

Uso de modelos de regresión para la determinación de factores de riesgo
Sergio Muñoz Navarro, Jorge Rodríguez Tobar (Chile)

Medwave 2015 Jun;15(5):e6154
http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2015.05.6154


ESTUDIOS PRIMARIOS

Prevalencia de especies de importancia clínica del género Vibrio en alimentos marinos de origen animal de establecimientos de la ciudad y puerto de Progreso de Castro, Yucatán, México
José Franco Monsreal, Lidia Esther Del Socorro Serralta-Peralta, José Ricardo Hernández Gómez, Florinda Sosa-Castilla, Juan Ariel Castillo-Cocom (México)

Medwave 2015 Jun;15(5):e6147
http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2015.05.6147


Uso incorrecto de inhaladores de dosis medida en pacientes adultos de un hospital de Callao, Perú, 2014: estudio transversal
Alexandra Cayo-Quiñe, Valeria Martínez-Vargas, Rossi Bustamante-Voysest, Alejandro Piscoya, Yeny Alberca (Perú)

Medwave 2015;15(5):e6163
http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2015.05.6163


Efectos del modafinilo en el desempeño atencional, memoria a corto plazo y funciones ejecutivas en estudiantes universitarios: un ensayo aleatorizado
Alejandro Fernández, Franco Mascayano, Walter Lips, Andrés Painel, Jonathan Norambuena, Eva Madrid (Chile)

Medwave 2015 Jun;15(5):e6166
http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2015.05.6166


RESUMEN EPISTEMONIKOS

¿Uretroplastía con injerto de mucosa oral o piel prepucioescrotal para el tratamiento de la estrechez de uretra anterior?
Alejandro Rojas, Alvaro Saavedra (Chile)

Medwave 2015 Jun;15(5):e6148
http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2015.05.6148

Bibliotecas. Alerta

Bibliotecas
Notificaciones semanales ⋅ 28 de junio de 2015
NOTICIAS


El Comercio

Bibliotecas a su medida y a la de su bolsillo
ElEspectador.com
Una biblioteca personal, se supone, es fruto de décadas de lectura y búsqueda individual de su dueño; pero no siempre es así.
El hombre que diseña bibliotecas para los multimillonarios - El Comercio
Bibliotecas a su medida y a la de su bolsillo - EntornoInteligente
Cobertura total de la noticia



Donan más de cuatro mil libros a bibliotecas de Benito Juárez
Sipse.com
La Coordinación de Bibliotecas del municipio de Benito Juárez informó que ante la necesidad de libros que se tenía de educación media superior y ...




Milenio.com

Bibliotecas que resguardan libros y niños solitarios
Milenio.com
Bibliotecas que resguardan libros y niños solitarios. Promotores de centros culturales de Tonalá y Tlajomulco, además de desarrollar programas de ...




El Mexicano

En el olvido bibliotecas públicas del país; en el DF, una por cada tres cantinas
El Mexicano
González Rodríguez puntualizó que tan sólo en Jalisco se han perdido 61 mil libros en la última década de las redes de bibliotecas de la Secretaría ...
Abandonadas las bibliotecas públicas; hay una por cada 3 cantinas: diputados - La Prensa (OEM)
Plantean mejorar infraestructura de bibliotecas en el país - 20minutos.com.mx
Hay en DF una biblioteca por cada 3 cantinas - entrelineas (Comunicado de prensa)
Cobertura total de la noticia




eju.tv

Sistema Municipal de Bibliotecas recibe importante lote de libros de Embajada Americana
eju.tv
El Sistema Municipal de Bibliotecas recibió un significativo aporte de la Embajada de Estados Unidos de Norteamérica para apoyar el Plan de ...




NTR Zacatecas .com

Distribuirán mil 500 libros en 9 bibliotecas de Río Grande
NTR Zacatecas .com
Se recibieron casi mil 500 libros del Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes (Conaculta), que serán distribuidos en nueve bibliotecas de Río ...




HuelvaYA

Las bibliotecas de Huelva amplían sus servicios de préstamo de cara al verano
HuelvaYA
bibliotecas 1 Las bibliotecas del Ayuntamiento de Huelva ya están preparadas para la temporada de verano con el objetivo de fomentar la lectura en ...
Las bibliotecas municipales de la capital amplían sus servicios de préstamos de cara al verano - Te Interesa
Las bibliotecas municipales amplían sus préstamos estivales - Huelva Información
Cobertura total de la noticia



Sáquele provecho a las bibliotecas TIC
La Patria.com
Las bibliotecas públicas además de abrir las puertas a la lectura y a la escritura, también son un lugar para aprender a usar las nuevas tecnologías.




La Comarca de Puertollano

Sistema de Bibliotecas UASLP prepara Jornadas de Fomento a la lectura 2015
La Razón
La Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí a través del Sistema de Bibliotecas y la BibliotecaPública Universitaria invitan a la edición IX de las ...
Las bibliotecas municipales de Mérida realizan talleres de animación a la lectura para escolares ... -Región Digital
Sistema de Bibliotecas de la UASLP fomenta la lectura - Plano informativo
La bibliotecas municipales realizarán talleres de animación a la lectura en julio - EntornoInteligente
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Las bibliotecas son para el verano
La Opinión de Murcia
L.O. Las bibliotecas, sol para el verano es el lema de la campaña que ha preparado la biblioteca municipal de San Javier para los meses veraniegos ...


WEB

Catálogos
Bibliotecas de Castilla y León - Junta de Castilla y León
Logotipo del Portal de Bibliotecas de Castilla y León; Ir a página principal ... Catálogo de la Red de Bibliotecas: libros, películas, música, revistas.



Fueron donados a la Biblioteca Central ocho libros facsimilares de una colección privada
Dirección General de Bibliotecas - UNAM
En su momento, el director general de Bibliotecas de la UNAM, doctor Adolfo Rodríguez Gallardo, agradeció este acto tan generoso y aseguró que ...



SpringerProtocols en pruebas para todos los centros y bibliotecas del CSIC del 20-6 al 19-9 de 2015
Red de Bibliotecas del CSIC
SpringerProtocols, con un fondo actual de más de 34.000 protocolos y con alrededor de 2.000 nuevas aportaciones anuales, ofrece instrucciones de ...



Horario bibliotecas verano 2015
Biblioteca
BIBLIOTECAS. JUNIO. JULIO. AGOSTO. SEPTIEMBRE. DESDE EL DÍA 29. VA Y P. DESDE EL DÍA 24.SORIA. DESDE EL DÍA 22. SEGOVIA.



Bibliotecas urbanas integradas
Bibliotecas de Castilla y León - Junta de Castilla y León
Bibliotecas urbanas integradas. Contactar Abre una ventana o marco nuevo · Enviar contenido Abre una ventana o marco nuevo · Imprimir contenido ...



Periodo especial de préstamo de verano en las bibliotecas de la BUZ
Biblioteca de la Universidad de Zaragoza
Desde el miercoles 24 de junio hasta el lunes 31 de agosto la duración de los préstamos de ejemplares del tipo "02" (préstamo largo) será de 15 días ...



Propuesta de compra
Bibliotecas de Castilla y León - Junta de Castilla y León
Cualquier usuario puede proponer a las Bibliotecas del Sistema, la adquisición de libros y otro tipo de materiales que puedan ser de interés, y que no ...



Directorio de personal
Bibliotecas de Castilla y León - Junta de Castilla y León
Acceso usuarios · Logotipo del Portal de Bibliotecas de Castilla y León; Ir a página principal ... Inicio · Directorio debibliotecas; Directorio de personal ...



convocatorias
Biblioteca Vasconcelos
RESUMEN. Biblioteca Vasconcelos te invita a la actividad Mirar libritos. JUEVES 25 DE JUNIO. LIBROS YBIBLIOTECAS. ¿Quiénes son los ...



Bibliometro celebra sus 19 años con lanzamiento literario
Sistema Nacional de Bibliotecas Públicas
La Biblioteca Pública más popular del país está de aniversario y lo celebrará con el lanzamiento del libro "Palestina: crónica de un asedio" de Daniel ...

Librerias. Alerta

librerias

NOTICIAS


24 Horas

Proponen cuota mínima de autores nacionales en vitrinas de librerías
24 Horas
La idea es aumentar la visibilidad de los libros de autores nacionales. La norma fue propuesta por el diputado de la UDI, Gaspar Rivas.




El Universal - Colombia

Isabel Allende se adueña de las librerías con "El amante japonés"
El Universal - Colombia
La escritora chilena Isabel Allende lo logró de nuevo: "El amante japonés", una historia de amor en San Francisco, dominó las preferencias del ...
Isabel Allende se adueña de las librerías con "El amante japonés" - El Universal (Venezuela)
Isabel Allende se adueña de las librerías con “El amante japonés” - La Nación.com.py
“El amante japonés”, dueño de las librerías - La Estrella de Panamá
Cobertura total de la noticia




El Correo

Una decena de librerías abrirán la Feria del Libro Antiguo y Viejo de Vitoria este jueves
El Correo
Este sitio web utiliza cookies propias y de terceros para optimizar tu navegación, adaptarse a tus preferencias y realizar labores analíticas.




La Nación Costa Rica

'Grey' arrasa en las librerías del Reino Unido
La Nación Costa Rica
'Grey' arrasa en las librerías del Reino Unido. POR EFE - Actualizado el 24 de junio de 2015 a: 12:04 p.m.. Ha vendido más de 640.000 copias en ...
"Grey", de la saga de "Cincuenta sombras", arrasa en las librerías - Informe21.com
'Grey' arrasa en las librerías británica - Diario de León
Cincuenta sombras de Grey: la cuarta novela aterriza en las librerías - La Verdad
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Escritor Jorge Carrion finalista del Premio Anagrama con Librerias
ElTiempo.com
Quería conocer la ciudad de Borges y de librerías, de cafés y tango. Llegó sin dinero y se hospedó en una casa de huéspedes de La Boca, el barrio ...




RadioFórmula

"El placer de ser mujer" en venta en librerías de todo el país: escritora. Con Enrique Muñoz
RadioFórmula
La escritora Andrea de la Torre dijo que con su libro "El placer de ser mujer" quiere llegar a que la mujer sepa qué quiere porque "al momento que ...




Hispasonic (blog)

Tremor, una librería inspirada en la vibración y la resonancia
Hispasonic (blog)
Hace unos cinco años comenzaron a surgir librerías independientes creadas por diseñadores de sonido para diseñadores de sonido y distribuidas ...




EntornoInteligente

El masoquismo de 'Christian Grey' se pone de moda en las libreríasinglesas
EntornoInteligente
El masoquismo de 'Christian Grey' se pone de moda en las librerías inglesas / El telegrafo / Grey, el último libro de E.L. James de la saga 50 Sombras ...



Librerías se equipan para atender alta demanda en julio
El Periodiquito
Para hacer el gasto menos pesado, los padres ya empezaron a comprar los útiles del próximo año escolar. Muchos están adquiriendo la lista por ...



Caniem y FCE conjugan esfuerzos en beneficio de literatura infantil y juvenil
Milenio.com
En un esfuerzo por hacer circular los títulos dirigidos a niños y jóvenes en las librerías del Fondo de Cultura Económica, la Cámara Nacional de la ...

E-Books. Alerta

E-Books

NOTICIAS


RPP Noticias

Corte confirma fallo contra Apple por subir precio de e-books
RPP Noticias
La sentencia señala que Apple orquestó una conspiración con varias editoriales para subir el precio de los libros electrónicos. Compartir: ...
EU confirma fallo contra Apple por e-books - CNNExpansión.com
Apple conspiró para fijar precios de e-books - El Universal
Confirman fallo contra Apple por subir el precio de e-books - El Diario de Yucatán
Cobertura total de la noticia



Todo eReaders (blog)

Bookgrabbr, una innovadora empresa de promoción de ebooks
Todo eReaders (blog)
Bookgrabbr Bookgrabbr, una innovadora empresa de promoción de ebooks El número de empresas que se crean y se están creando en torno al ...




Libertad Digital

Alemania prohíbe vender 'ebooks' eróticos antes de las diez de la noche
Libertad Digital
Así, a partir de ahora los ebooks de temática adulta sólo podrán venderse entre las diez de la noche y las seis de la mañana. La medida, según ...




Todo eReaders (blog)

Apple y Smashwords ya aceptan las reservas de ebooks
Todo eReaders (blog)
Hace un año Amazon insertó una nueva modalidad en sus ventas que incluía la posibilidad de hacer lanzamientos de ebooks para que los usuarios ...




Todo eReaders (blog)

Australia se suma a la lucha contra la piratería de eBooks con una nueva ley
Todo eReaders (blog)
Con el paso del tiempo y el crecimiento del número de lectores que tienen un eReader para disfrutar de los eBooks, cada vez son más las páginas en ...




Todo eReaders (blog)

Los ventas de eBooks superan por primera vez a las de los libros de bolsillo
Todo eReaders (blog)
Los eBooks siguen creciendo y dando pasos hacia el futuro, o al menos eso se desprende del informe presentado ayer por la Federación de Gremios ...
El libro de texto empuja la primera subida de la edición en cinco años - La Voz de Galicia
El gremio de editores pide la cárcel para "algunos" piratas - eldiario.es
Cobertura total de la noticia



180.com.uy :: El libro que primero es e-book y después papel
180
El escritor uruguayo Pablo Silva Olazábal optó por lanzar su último cuento en formato digital y lo publicó en Outsider; una editorial argentina que se ...




TIME

Appeals court upholds ruling against Apple for manipulating cost of e-books
Fox News Latino
A federal court of appeals on Tuesday upheld a guilty ruling by regulators against Apple Inc. saying it had manipulated the cost of e-books in violation ...



Portal Cuba - Nuevos títulos de la Editorial CITMATEL en CD, DVD, audiolibros y ebooks
Cuba.cu
Editorial Citmatel , Productos multimedia , Audiolibros , Ebooks , Cultura , Aves de Cuba , Peces , Mamíferos , Fidel es Fidel , Citmatel , Arte , Música ...



Kindle Paperwhite (2015): análisis, características y opinión
ComputerHoy
Hoy realizamor el análisis del Kindle Paperwhite (2015), la versión mejorada del e-book más vendido de Amazon. El dispositivo no es que cuente ...


WEB

Playboy Portugal
Zinio
A PLAYBOY Portugal é uma revista que apresenta um compromisso entre um elegante modelo gráfico e um conjunto de conteúdos de excelência, ...

Eclampsia-Preeclampsia

Evolución perinatal en eclampsia Perinatal outcome in eclampsia. Khuman V, Singh RL, Singh RM, Devi UA, Kom T. J Med Soc 2015;29:12-5 Abstract Introduction: Eclampsia is a major cause for perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide and perinatal outcome is much worse in developing countries even today. The reasons are multi-fold and may be because eclampsia is poorly managed and not up to the prescribed standards as in industrialized countries. Also prematurity usually iatrogenic one is a major cause for high perinatal morbidity and mortality in eclampsia due to non-availability and of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) facilities. Materials and Methods: All eclampsia patients admitted to the antenatal ward in JIPMER from October 2009 to May 2011 were followedup. The pregnancy outcome was duly recorded and analyzed. Results: Majority of the patients were unbooked, young and primigravida. Majority (65%) of women required labor induction in one or more forms. In the study 20% of cases required cesarean section for delivery. Sixty percent of the cases were preterm deliveries and 44% required NICU admissions. There were 52 (17.2%) stillbirths. There were a total of 16 neonatal deaths; mostly due to prematurity (62.5%). The perinatal mortality rate is 231 per 1000 births. Hundred babies had birth weights <1.5kg; and 212 babies less than 2.5 kg. Average birth weight was 1.825kg, which is much lesser than the institutional Average birth weight. of 2.88 kg during the same period. Prematurity was the most common cause for NICU admissions as well as neonatal deaths. Conclusions: Majority (65%) of the cases required induction of labor and only 23% went into spontaneous labor. Twenty percent of eclamptic women required cesarean delivery. Major indication for caesarean section as anticipated was fetal distress. Most common cause for neonatal death was prematurity and its attendant complications. Keywords: Eclampsia, Neonatal deaths, Perinatal morbidity, Prematurity PDF Evolución materna y fetal en pre-eclampsia en un hospital de segundo nivel en el sur de India Maternal and fetal outcome in pre-eclampsia in a secondary care hospital in South India. Aabidha PM, Cherian AG, Paul E, Helan J. J Family Med Prim Care. 2015 Apr-Jun;4(2):257-60. doi: 10.4103/2249-4863.154669. Abstract BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are one of the common causes for perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Pre-eclampsia is a condition which typically occurs after 20 weeks of gestation and has high blood pressure as the main contributing factor. The aim was to study the effects of pre-eclampsia on the mother and the fetus in rural South Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive study conducted in a secondary level hospital in rural South India. A total of 1900 antenatal women were screened for pre-eclampsia during the period August 2010 to July 2011 to study the effects on the mother and fetus. RESULTS: Of the 1900 women screened 93 were detected with pre-eclampsia in the study. Among these, 46.23% were primigravida, 30.1% belonged to socio-economic class 4 and 48.8% were among those with BMI 26-30. The incidence of severe pre-eclampsia was higher in the unregistered women. The most common maternal complication was antepartum hemorrhage (13.9%) and the most common neonatal complication was prematurity (23.65%). CONCLUSIONS: Treating anemia and improving socioeconomic status will improve maternal and neonatal outcome in pre-eclampsia. Antenatal care and educating women on significance of symptoms will markedly improve perinatal morbidity and mortality. Prematurity, growth restriction and low birth weight are neonatal complications to be anticipated and dealt with when the mother has pre-eclampsia. A good neonatal intensive care unit will help improve neonatal outcomes. KEYWORDS: Fetal outcome; maternal outcome; pre-eclampsia PDF

Atentamente Anestesia y Medicina del Dolor anestesia-dolor.org

Sedación/Sedation

Guías para el uso seguro de sedación y analgesia en procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos en adultos: 2010 Guidelines for the safe use of procedural sedation and analgesia for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in adults: 2010 PDF  Comparación de los efectos de ketamina, ketamina-dexmedetomidina y ketamina -midazolam en los pacientes quemados sometidos a cambios de apósitos Comparison of effects of ketamine, ketamine-dexmedetomidine and ketamine-midazolam on dressing changes of burn patients. Gunduz M, Sakalli S, Gunes Y, Kesiktas E, Ozcengiz D, Isik G. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Apr;27(2):220-4. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.81823. Abstract OBJECTIVE: The aim of this randomized, controlled study was to compare the sedoanalgesic effects of ketamine-dexmedetomidine and ketamine-midazolam on dressing changes of burn patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following Ethics Committee approval and informed patient consent, 90 ASA physical statuses I and II adult burn patients were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into three groups. Ten minutes before dressing change, the dexmedetomidine group (group KD) (n = 30) received a continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine at a rate of 1 μg kg(-1), the midazolam group (group KM) (n = 30) received a continuous infusion of midazolam at a rate of 0.05 mg kg(-1) and the saline group (group KS) (n = 30) received a continuous infusion of saline intravenously. One minute before dressing change, each patient was administered 1 mg kg(-1) ketamine intravenously. Hemodynamic variables, pain and sedation scores, the number of patients requiring additional ketamine, time to dressing change and recovery time were recorded. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure (SBP) values were significantly lower at, before and after ketamine administration; and 5, 10 and 15 minutes after the procedure in group KD in comparison with the other groups (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in pain scores among the groups during the study period. Sedation scores were significantly higher in group KD than in groups KM and KS at the end of the first hour (P <0.05). Time to dressing change and recovery time were similar in all the groups. CONCLUSION: In burn patients undergoing dressing changes, although both combinations ketamine-dexmedetomidine and ketamine-midazolam offered an effective sedoanalgesia without causing any significant side effect, the former resulted in higher sedation and lower hemodynamic discrepancy. KEYWORDS: Burn; dexmedetomidine; dressing changes; ketamine; midazolam PDF Dexmedetomidina vs sedación estándar con propofol o midazolam en UCI. Evaluación económica Dexmedetomidine versus standard care sedation with propofol or midazolam in intensive care: an economic evaluation. Turunen H1, Jakob SM2, Ruokonen E3, Kaukonen KM4,5, Sarapohja T6, Apajasalo M7, Takala J8. Crit Care. 2015 Feb 19;19:67. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-0787-y. Abstract INTRODUCTION: Dexmedetomidine was shown in two European randomized double-blind double-dummy trials (PRODEX and MIDEX) to be non-inferior to propofol and midazolam in maintaining target sedation levels in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Additionally, dexmedetomidine shortened the time to extubation versus both standard sedatives, suggesting that it may reduce ICU resource needs and thus lower ICU costs. Considering resource utilization data from these two trials, we performed a secondary, cost-minimization analysis assessing the economics of dexmedetomidine versus standard care sedation. METHODS: The total ICU costs associated with each study sedative were calculated on the basis of total study sedative consumption and the number of days patients remained intubated, required non-invasive ventilation, or required ICU care without mechanical ventilation. The daily unit costs for these three consecutive ICU periods were set to decline toward discharge, reflecting the observed reduction in mean daily Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS) points between the periods. A number of additional sensitivity analyses were performed, including one in which the total ICU costs were based on the cumulative sum of daily TISS points over the ICU period, and two further scenarios, with declining direct variable daily costs only. RESULTS: Based on pooled data from both trials, sedation with dexmedetomidine resulted in lower total ICU costs than using the standard sedatives, with a difference of €2,656 in the median (interquartile range) total ICU costs-€11,864 (€7,070 to €23,457) versus €14,520 (€7,871 to €26,254)-and €1,649 in the mean total ICU costs. The median (mean) total ICU costs with dexmedetomidine compared with those of propofol or midazolam were €1,292 (€747) and €3,573 (€2,536) lower, respectively. The result was robust, indicating lower costs with dexmedetomidine in all sensitivity analyses, including those in which only direct variable ICU costs were considered. The likelihood of dexmedetomidine resulting in lower total ICU costs compared with pooled standard care was 91.0% (72.4% versus propofol and 98.0% versus midazolam). CONCLUSIONS: From an economic point of view, dexmedetomidine appears to be a preferable option compared with standard sedatives for providing light to moderate ICU sedation exceeding 24 hours. The savings potential results primarily from shorter time to extubation. PDF Opciones de sedación para el paciente con obesidad mórbida en UCI. Encuesta concisa y una agenda para el desarrollo. Sedation options for the morbidly obese intensive care unit patient: a concise survey and an agenda for development. Aantaa R, Tonner P, Conti G, Longrois D, Mantz J, Mulier JP. Multidiscip Respir Med. 2015 Mar 7;10(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s40248-015-0007-2. eCollection 2015. Abstract BACKGROUND: We offer some perspectives and commentary on the sedation of obese patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). DISCUSSION: Sedation in morbidly obese patients should conform to the same broad principles now current in ICU practice. These include a general presumption against benzodiazepines as first-line agents. Opioids should be avoided in any situation where spontaneous breathing is required. Remifentanil is the preferred agent where continuous stable opioid levels using an infusion are required, because of its lack of context-sensitive accumulation. Volatile anaesthetics may be an option for the same reason but there are no substantial, controlled demonstrations of effectiveness/safety in short-term use in the ICU setting. Propofol is a valuable resource in the morbidly obese patients but the duration of continuous sedation should not exceed 6 days, in order to avoid propofol infusion syndrome. Alpha-2 agonists offer a range of theoretically positive features for the sedation of morbidly obese patients, but at present there is a lack of pharmacokinetic data and a critical mass of high-grade clinical data. Dexmedetomidine has the attraction of not causing respiratory depression or obstructive breathing during sedation and its sympatholytic effects should help deliver stable blood pressure and heart rate. Ketamine has a poor tolerability profile in adults so its use in the ICU context is largely confined to paediatrics. CONCLUSION: None of the agents currently available is ideal for every situation encountered in the management of morbidly obese patients. This article identifies additional research needed to place sedation practice of obese patients on a more systematic footing. KEYWORDS: Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Dexmedetomidine; Intensive care; Ketamine; Obesity; Opioids; Propofol; Sedation; Volatile anaesthetics PDF

Atentamente Anestesia y Medicina del Dolor anestesia-dolor.org

Ketofol

Combinación de ketamina y propofol (Ketofol) para sedación y analgesia en procedimientos en el departamento de emergencias. Revisión Combining ketamine and propofol ("ketofol") for emergency department procedural sedation and analgesia: a review. Arora S. West J Emerg Med. 2008 Jan;9(1):20-3. PDF Comparación de ketamina-midazolam y ketofol para sedación en aspiración transbronquial guiada por ultrasonido. Estudio prospectivo, ciego y aleatorizado A comparison of ketamine-midazolam and ketamine-propofol combinations used for sedation in the endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: a prospective, single-blind, randomized study. Dal T, Sazak H, Tunç M, Sahin S, Yılmaz A. J Thorac Dis. 2014 Jun;6(6):742-51. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.04.10. Abstract OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of ketamine-midazolam and ketamine-propofol combinations for procedural sedation in endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). METHODS: Sixty patients who were undergoing EBUS-TBNA were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 was given 0.25 mg/kg intravenous (iv) ketamine, 2 min later than 0.05 mg/kg iv midazolam. Group 2 received 0.125 mg/kg ketamine-propofol mixture (ketofol), 2 min subsequent to injection of 0.25 mg/kg each. Sedation was maintained with additional doses of ketamine 0.25 mg/kg, and ketofol0.125 mg/kg each in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. Blood pressure, heart rate (HR), peripheral oxygen saturation, respiratory rate (RR), Ramsay Sedation Score (RSS), and severity of cough were recorded prior to and after administration of sedation agent in the beginning of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) and every 5 min of the procedure. The consumption of the agents, the satisfactions of the bronchoscopist and the patients, and the recovery time were also recorded. RESULTS: HR in the 10(th) min and RSS value in the 35(th) min of induction in Group 1 were higher than the other group (P<0.05). The recovery time in Group 1 was statistically longer than Group 2 (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between groups with respect to other parameters (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:It was concluded that both ketamine-midazolam and ketamine-propofol combinations for sedation during EBUS-TBNA were similarly effective and safe without remarkable side effects. KEYWORDS:Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA); ketamine; midazolam; propofol; sedation PDF Simulaciones Ketofol para dosificación en anestesia pediátrica. Ketofol simulations for dosing in pediatric anesthesia. Coulter FL, Hannam JA, Anderson BJ. Paediatr Anaesth. 2014 Aug;24(8):806-12. doi: 10.1111/pan.12386. Epub 2014 Mar 26. Abstract BACKGROUND: Propofol mixed with racemic ketamine (or 'ketofol') is popular for short procedural sedation and analgesia. Use is creeping into anesthesia, yet neither the optimal combination nor infusion rate is known. The EC(50) of propofol's antiemetic effect is reported to be 0.343 mg*l(-1), while ketamine analgesia is thought to persist with concentrations above 0.2 mg*l(-1). We aimed to determine a ketofol dosing regimen for anesthesia 30-min and 1.5-h duration in a healthy child that did not unduly compromise recovery. METHODS: Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameters were used to simulate drug concentration and effect profiles over time for different ratios of propofol to ketamine ratios (1 : 1 to 10 : 1) and rates. The target effect was the 95% probability of loss of response to a 5-s transcutaneous tetanus (P05). Combined effects were additive, with a propofol EC(50) of 3.1 mg*l(-1), ketamine EC(50) of 0.64 mg*l(-1), and slope of 5.4. The time to predicted 50% probability of return of this response after ceasing infusion (P(50)) was determined for a 5-year-old 20-kg healthy child. RESULTS: The addition of ketamine to propofol infused using a manual infusion regimen (loading dose 3 mg*kg(-1), then 15 mg*kg(-1) *h(-1) for 15 min, 13 mg*kg(-1) *h(-1) for 15 min, 11 mg*kg(-1) *h(-1) for 30 min, and 10 mg*kg(-1) *h(-1) for 1-2 h) caused prolonged postoperative sedation. The P(50) after a 1.5-h infusion using a 1 : 1 mixture was 4.5 h, 2 : 1 mixture was 3.25 h, 5 : 1 mixture was 1.6 h, and 10 : 1 mixture was 40 min. These P(50) estimates could be reduced by slowing administration infusion rates to 20%, 33%, 50%, 67%, 80%, and 90% for mixtures 1 : 1, 2 : 1, 3 : 1, 5 : 1, 6.7 : 1, and 10 : 1, respectively. These rates achieve a P(50) of approximately 20 min for 30-min duration anesthesia and 60 min for 1.5-h duration anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of ketamine to propofol infusion will prolong recovery unless infusion rates are decreased. We suggest an optimal ratio of racemic ketamine to propofol of 1 : 5 for 30-min anesthesia and 1 : 6.7 for 90-min anesthesia. Delivery of these ratios achieves propofol concentrations above an antiemetic threshold for longer than the ketamine concentration above the analgesic threshold during, potentially reducing postoperative nausea incidence. KEYWORDS: anesthesia; ketamine; pediatric; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; propofol; sedation; target concentration PDF Ketofol para la inducción del paciente grave versus etomidato (Ensayo KEEP PACE). Protocolo de estudio para un ensayo aleatorizado y controlado Ketamine/propofol admixture (ketofol) at induction in the critically ill against etomidate (KEEP PACE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Smischney NJ, Hoskote SS, Gallo de Moraes A, Racedo Africano CJ, Carrera PM, Tedja R, Pannu JK, Hassebroek EC, Reddy DR, Hinds RF,Thakur L. Trials. 2015 Apr 21;16(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s13063-015-0687-0. Abstract BACKGROUND: Endotracheal intubation (ETI) is commonly performed as a life-saving procedure in the intensive care unit (ICU). It is often associated with significant hemodynamic perturbations and can severely impact the outcome of ICU patients. Etomidate is often chosen by many critical care providers for the patients who are hypotensive because of its superior hemodynamic profile compared to other induction medications. However, recent evidence has raised concerns about the increased incidence of adrenal insufficiency and mortality associated with etomidate use. A combination of ketamine and propofol (known as ketofol) has been studied in various settings as an alternative induction agent. In recent years, studies have shown that this combination may provide adequate sedation while maintaining hemodynamic stability, based on the balancing of the hemodynamic effects of these two individual agents. We hypothesized that ketofol may offer a valuable alternative to etomidate in critically ill patients with or without hemodynamic instability. METHODS/DESIGN: A randomized controlled parallel-group clinical trial of adult critically ill patients admitted to either a medical or surgical ICU at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN will be conducted. As part of planned emergency research, informed consent will be waived after appropriate community consultation and notification. Patients undergoing urgent or emergent ETI will receive either etomidate or a 1:1 admixture of ketamine and propofol (ketofol). The primary outcome will be hemodynamic instability during the first 15 minutes following drug administration. Secondary outcomes will include ICU length of stay, mortality, adrenal function, ventilator-free days and vasoactive medication use, among others. The planned sample size is 160 total patients. DISCUSSION: The overall goal of this trial is to assess the hemodynamic consequences of a ketamine-propofol combination used in critically ill patients undergoing urgent or emergent ETI compared to etomidate, a medication with an established hemodynamic profile. The trial will address a crucial gap in the literature regarding the optimal induction agent for ETI in patients that may have potential or established hemodynamic instability. Greater experience with planned emergency research will, hopefully, pave the way for future prospective randomized clinical trials in the critically ill population. PDF Ketofol: combinación de ketamina y propofol Ketofol: A combination of ketamine and propofol Amornyotin S J Anesth Critical Care: Open Access 2014:1(5) PDF

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Mujer de 65 años, 86.6 kg, talla 252 cm, ASA 2, obesa, con la pared abdominal péndula, que se sometió a abdominoplastia de pubis hasta xifoides. La analgesia se proporciona con 3 litros de solución tumescente (lidocaína 500 mg + 1000 mg de epinefrina/litro. Lidocaína total 1500 mg igual a 17.3 mg/kg) y 50 mg i.v. de ketamina. La paciente se fue monitorizada con ECG, presión arterial no invasiva, oximetría de pulso y BIS/EMG. Una bolsa de 1000 mL de solución i.v. se colocó bajo los hombros para aumentar la tensión en el músculo geniogloso y facilitar el mantenimiento de la vía aérea. Se utilizaron oxígeno nasal 2 litros/min y ketamina i.v. 50 mg 3 minutos antes de la infiltración de la pared abdominal. El nivel estable cerebral de propofol pre-ketamina fue facilitado con inducción de propofol con incrementos de 50 µg/kg titulados a 60 <BIS <75 con la línea base EMG. (Ver You Tube Going under with Goldilocks anesthesia). La sedación se continuó con propofol en bomba de infusión ajustado a 50 µg/kg/min) para tener 60 <BIS <75. Los picos en el EMG fueron tratados con 400 µg/kg de propofol hasta que el EMG regresó a la línea de base. La analgesia postoperatoria con 25 mL de bupivacaína 0.25% inyectada a través de cada uno de los tubos de drenaje, total de 125 mg (50 mL). Imágenes cortesía del Dr. Barry Friedberg     http://drfriedberg.com/  Women 65 years old, 191lbs, ASA 2, obese, with pendulous abdominal wall, which underwent pubis to xiphoid abdominoplasty. Analgesia was provided with 3 liters tumescent solution (lidocaine 500 mg + 1000 µg epinephrine/each liter. Total lidocaine 1500 mg equal to 17.3 mg/kg) and 50 mg i.v. ketamine. She was monitored with ECG, NIBP, pulse oximetry and BIS/EMG. A 1000 mL i.v. solution bag was placed under her shoulders to increase tension in the genioglossus muscle and facilitate the maintenance of the airway. Nasal oxygen 2 L/min and i.v. ketamine 50 mg 3 minutes prior to infiltration of the abdomen wall were used. Stable pre-ketamine propofol brain level was facilitated by incremental propofol induction @ 50 mcg/kg titrated to 60<BIS<75 with baseline EMG. (See You Tube Going under with Goldilocks) Sedation was continued with infusion pump propofol set to 50 mcg /kg/min) to have 60<BIS<75. EMG spikes were treated with 400 mcg/kg propofol until EMG returned to baseline. Postoperative analgesia with bupivacaine 0.25% 25 mL injected through each drain, total 125 mg (50 mL). Images courtesy of Barry Firedberg MD.     http://drfriedberg.com/  Propofol en cirugía Plástica "de consultorio" Propofol in office-based plastic surgery. Friedberg BL. Semin Plast Surg. 2007 May;21(2):129-32. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-979214. Abstract Propofol is the nearly ideal agent for office-based plastic surgery. Among all anesthetic agents, only propofol has the ability to elicit happiness in this special group of patients. Cosmetic surgery patients will tolerate discomfort in preference to postoperative nausea and vomiting. Propofol is a powerful antiemetic agent. Patient safety will not be optimized unless the person responsible for the administration of propofol has airway management skills. Dedicated anesthesia providers are highly skilled in airway management. Although the short half-life of propofol is seductive for a fast-acting, rapid emerging anesthetic, interindividual differences in propofol response make measurement of the target organ (i.e., the brain) with a bispectral index (BIS) monitor very important. BIS levels < 45 for > 1 hour are associated with increased 1-year anesthesia mortality thought to be associated with an inflammatory response. The only currently available way to avoid overmedicating with propofol is to monitor with a level of consciousness monitor like BIS. KEYWORDS: BIS monitor; Propofol; anesthesia; ketamine; office-based plastic surgery PDF Anestesia disociativa para cirugía plástica en el ¨consultorio¨ Dissociative anesthesia in an office-based plastic surgery practice. Vinnik CA. Semin Plast Surg. 2007 May;21(2):109-14. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-979211. Abstract In 1974, the author began to use ketamine in association with diazepam for cosmetic and reconstructive procedures. Since then, through courses in the United States and abroad, well over a thousand plastic surgeons have been taught the technique. Ketamine, by itself, ablates sensory input of pain at the thalamic level but has been associated with hallucinations, bad dreams, and other untoward effects. These can be prevented by the use of benzodiazepines, which "bracket" the use of ketamine. If the patient is sedated and awakens under the influence of these agents, there is no adverse ketamine effect. Specific techniques and adjunct agents are described. KEYWORDS: Ketamine; Robinul®; Valium®; Versed®; dissociative anesthesia; fentanyl; midazolam PDF Protocolo con ketamina-diazepam para sedación intravenosa. Experiencia en el hospital de cirugía estética. Ketamine-diazepam protocol for intravenous sedation: The cosmetic surgery hospital experience. Quttainah A, Carlsen L, Voice S, Taylor J. Can J Plast Surg. 2004 Fall;12(3):141-3. Abstract Rising hospital costs and operating room scheduling difficulties have influenced plastic surgeons to rely more often on intravenous sedation in office surgical settings. The use of ketamine as an intravenous sedation agent has enjoyed some popularity, but this has been far from universal. Its reputation for producing psychological sequelae such as nightmares, flashbacks and schizophrenic-like reactions have made many anesthesiologists and plastic surgeons reluctant to use this drug. The authors' experience using a ketamine/diazepam protocol with approximately 11,400 patients since 1971 at the Cosmetic Surgery Hospital in Woodbridge, Ontario is presented. The methodology consists of intravenous diazepam followed with low-dose ketamine (0.5 mg/kg to a maximum of 40 mg) 2 min later. This provides the surgeon with a period of profound amnesia to allow for infiltration of the local anesthetic. It is this local anesthetic delivered during the dissociative state that provides prolonged analgesia throughout thesurgery. The patient is maintained throughout the procedure with increments of diazepam and midazolam. This protocol is found to be effective, reliable and reproducible, and the experience of the patient and plastic surgeon has been overwhelmingly favourable. KEYWORDS: Intravenous sedation; Ketamine; Office anesthesia PDF Procedimientos de sedación y analgesia para la cirugía de mama fuera del hospital: una visión general de la técnica de sedación y analgesia. Procedural sedation and analgesia for out-of-hospital breast surgery: an overview of the procedural sedation and analgesia technique Louw AJ, South Afr J Anaesth Analg 2014;20(1):89-92 Abstract Out-of-hospital surgical procedures are a rapidly growing market. This has led to surgical procedures that were previously limited to the hospital operating room, with general anaesthesia being performed outside the hospital with sedation and regional anaesthesia. Breast surgery, whether cosmetic, reconstructive or diagnostic, also follows this trend. The aim of this refresher course is to give an overview of the nerve supply to the breast, to explain the type of blocks used and to provide an overview of the sedation technique. The audience should have a better acceptance of performing procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) for this type of surgery out of hospital after this overview. The author will also provide an overview during the presentation of his own current practice of performing these procedures. PDF Consejos de expertos Tips from the tops Barry Friedberg PDF Videoclips sobre propofol y anestesia Videos on propofol and anesthesia Videos

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