sábado, 15 de octubre de 2011

Books Update



Also in the Book Review

Trying really hard to be good: Scout in 2009.

'The Puppy Diaries'

By JILL ABRAMSON
Reviewed by ALEXANDRA STYRON
Jill Abramson shows how life with a puppy enriches middle age.
A view of the human brain.

Is the Brain Good at What It Does?

By CHRISTOPHER CHABRIS
Three books explore the brain's astonishing capability, as well as its flaws and limitations.

'The Marriage Plot'

By JEFFREY EUGENIDES
Reviewed by WILLIAM DERESIEWICZ
Life after college poses challenges for the three friends in Jeffrey Eugenides's novel.
Michael Ondaatje

'The Cat's Table'

By MICHAEL ONDAATJE
Reviewed by LIESL SCHILLINGER
Three Ceylonese schoolboys on a sea journey to England take delight in their eccentric companions at the ship's worst dining table.
George Keats built a sawmill in Kentucky.

'The Keats Brothers'

By DENISE GIGANTE
Reviewed by CHRISTOPHER BENFEY
Did George Keats's move to America inspire his brother John's greatest poetry?
American troops fire on insurgents in the Philippines, circa 1899.

'Liberty's Surest Guardian'

By JEREMI SURI
Reviewed by ROBERT KAGAN
Jeremi Suri argues that nation-building is central to American history.

'Until the Dawn's Light'

By AHARON APPELFELD
Reviewed by JULIE ORRINGER
In this novel, an assimilated Austrian Jew chooses a vicious, and symbolic, husband.

'Habibi'

Written and illustrated by CRAIG THOMPSON
Reviewed by ROBYN CRESWELL
Craig Thompson's dark graphic novel draws on "The Thousand and One Nights," Orientalist paintings and R. Crumb.
THE MECHANIC MUSE

Do Androids Dream of Electric Authors?

By PAGAN KENNEDY
The irresistible rise of the robot-book.
CRIME

Blood in the Sand

By MARILYN STASIO
New mystery novels from James Lee Burke, S. J. Rozan, Ruth Rendell and John Connolly.

Children's Books

'The Apothecary'

By MAILE MELOY
Reviewed by KRYSTYNA PORAY GODDU
Maile Meloy's first novel for young readers combines historical fiction with fantasy.

'A Monster Calls'

Reviewed by JESSICA BRUDER
This monster forces a boy to confront his despair over his mother's terminal illness.
Laini Taylor

'Daughter of Smoke and Bone'

By LAINI TAYLOR
Reviewed by CHELSEY PHILPOT
An enigmatic art student in Prague becomes a pawn in a centuries-old war.

Bookshelf: Boo!

By PAMELA PAUL
Children's books about Halloween, goosebumps, goblins and monsters.

Bookshelf: Night

By PAMELA PAUL
Children's and young adult books about the moon, the stars and the creatures of the night.
CHILDREN'S BOOKS

'I Want My Hat Back'

By JON KLASSEN
Reviewed by PAMELA PAUL
A standout picture book about a bear and his lost hat makes a noteworthy debut for author Jon Klassen.

Back Page

ESSAY

I Was an Under-Age Semiotician

By STEVEN JOHNSON
Embracing semiotics came with certain costs, but it left an intoxicating sense that the everyday world contained a secret layer of meaning that could be deciphered with the right key.
SLIDE SHOW: Bookshelf: Boo!
Pamela Paul reviews new children's books about Halloween and spooky creatures.
SLIDE SHOW: Bookshelf: Night
Pamela Paul reviews new children's books about dreams and the night.

Book Review Podcast

Featuring the Times's executive editor Jill Abramson on her new book, "The Puppy Diaries"; Christopher Chabris on new books about the science of the human brain; and Helen Schulman on her novel "This Beautiful Life", a selection of the Big City Book Club.
ArtsBeat

Criar un bebé en un entorno bilingüe prolonga su capacidad temporal de aprendizaje lingüístico rápido


Criar un bebé en un entorno bilingüe prolonga su capacidad temporal de aprendizaje lingüístico rápido

(NCYT) Un nuevo estudio indica que la capacidad infantil de aprender con facilidad nuevos idiomas puede durar más tiempo en los bebés criados en un entorno bilingüe.



Unos investigadores de la Universidad de Washington están analizando los mecanismos cerebrales que contribuyen a esa destreza infantil en el aprendizaje de idiomas, con la esperanza de que lo que averigüen pueda servir para ayudar a los adultos en el aprendizaje de uno nuevo.


El estudio que han completado en esa línea de investigación aporta ya algunos resultados reveladores.Este trabajo es el primero en medir la actividad cerebral a lo largo de la infancia y relacionarla con la exposición al lenguaje y la capacidad de hablar.



"El cerebro bilingüe es fascinante, pues refleja la capacidad de los seres humanos para el pensamiento flexible. Los bebés bilingües aprenden que los objetos y acontecimientos tienen dos nombres; y son capaces de cambiar de forma flexible de una etiqueta a la otra, ejercitando así su cerebro ampliamente", explica Patricia Kuhl, coautora del estudio.


Estudios previos de Kuhl muestran que entre los 8 y los 10 meses de edad, los bebés monolingües son cada vez más capaces de distinguir los sonidos del habla de su lengua materna, mientras que al mismo tiempo, disminuye su capacidad para distinguir sonidos de una lengua extranjera.En el nuevo estudio, se ha comprobado que el cerebro de los bebés criados en hogares bilingües (inglés y español en este caso) muestra un mayor período de flexibilidad ante diferentes idiomas, sobre todo si los bebés escuchan hablar mucho en el hogar.Lo descubierto por el equipo de Kuhl y Adrian Garcia-Sierra en el nuevo estudio sugiere que el cerebro bilingüe se mantiene flexible ante los idiomas durante un período de tiempo más largo debido posiblemente a que los niños bilingües están expuestos a una mayor variedad de sonidos del habla en su casa.


En: http://www.solociencia.com/medicina/11100705.htm 

Las epidemias de danza del santo bailarín


Las epidemias de danza del santo bailarín

Baile de San Vito, Pieter Breughel the Younger
En medio de la reforma protestante, con el descubrimiento de las Américas en pleno auge, con los Otomanos llamando a las puertas de Europa... a los habitantes de Estrasburgo les dio por bailar. Y no es que el pueblo tuviera motivos para la alegría, es que el baile de San Vito había llegado a la ciudad, una temible epidemia, que al menos vista desde fuera, no parecía tan mala. Y es que en julio de 1518, una señora de nombre Frau Troffea se dio repentinamente al baile apasionado, algo que la tuvo casi sin parar ni a comer durante al menos cuatro días y que congregó a más de 400 vecinos moviendo el esqueleto para finales de mes.
Esta aparente locura colectiva acabo llamando la atención de las autoridades, que convocaron un consejo médico para hallar soluciones. Y vaya que si lo solucionaron. Se habilitaron salones de baile, se construyó un escenario de madera para dar cabida a todos los danzarines, se contrataron músicos que acompañaran los movimientos e incluso se llamó a bailarines profesionales para que pusieran un poco de elegancia en aquel desbarajuste de coreografía.
Y ante este panorama, pues claro, para finales de verano media Francia se habíaapuntado a la epidemia de bailes. Pero no hay cuerpo que aguante este ritmo, y los bailarines empezaron a morir de hemorragias cerebrales, ictus isquémicos o de simple agotamiento. Muchos de los supervivientes fueron llevados a capillas e iglesias dedicadas al culto de San Vito. El por qué de los atributos danzarines de este santo lo encontramos en Letonia, donde al parecer, durante la Edad Media se celebraba la festividad de San Vito bailando ante su estatua. De ahí que los bailarines hayan acabado heredándolo como patrono (y también los epilépticos). A finales de septiembre, con ayuda del santo o sin ella, la extraña epidemia bajó el telón.
Sin embargo, pese a lo raro del fenómeno, no se trata de algo tan único como podría esperarse. Hay datos de que en la cuenca del río Rin ya habían vivido, hacia 1374, una epidemia de bailes muy similar. Y durante el siglo XV hay constancia de diversos brotes, y quizás del más extraño de ellos. En 1491 un convento de monjas sufrió la posesión de varias hermanas por algún tipo de enfermedad que las hacía comportarse como gatos, perros o pájaros indistintamente. Habiendo sido todos estos fenómenos documentados por médicos, clérigos e historiadores de la época.
¿Qué hay detrás de estas epidemias de baile?
Aunque las teorías postuladas son muy diversas, parece que se ha llegado a un consenso entre psicólogos, historiadores y antropólogos para decantarse por la opción que tal vez sea menos objetivable a día de hoy. Se descartó la intoxicación por el hongo del cornezuelo del centeno porque las sustancias psicotrópicas podrían explicar el comportamiento y las alucinaciones, pero también dificultarían mucho el movimiento puesto que el dolor provocado por la isquemia distal en el ergotismo es bastante intenso.
Corea Sydenham en niño
Niño con corea. Posiblemente por fiebre reumática postfaringoamigdalítica debida a S. pyogenes. Descartada como causa de aquellos episodios por su epidemiología prevalente en niños
Queda entonces la explicación psiquiátrica, un trastorno psicogénico masivo, una histeria colectiva desencadenada tras largos periodos de estrés y condiciones pésimas. Y es que en la Europa del siglo XV eran el pan nuestro de cada día las sucesiones de hambrunas, las inclemencias climatológicas, la alta mortalidad por la lepra y la viruela, la recién llegada sífilis, el hacinamiento, la insalubridad...
En definitiva, que hasta las monjas tenían motivo de queja, puesto que la mayoría de ellas adoptaban la vida monástica por obligación y las que no, no paraban de atormentarse con la idea de no ser lo suficientemente devotas.
Por lo tanto el famoso mal de la chorea sancti viti se refirió a un cuadro de manía danzante, un trastorno histérico colectivo que parece haber sido muy común durante los siglos XV y XVI pero que ahora está extinguido. Durante la época, se llamó a estos episodios corea magna y se reservó el término de "corea menor" para la enfermedad que hoy conocemos como tal, la corea de Sydenham. Mientras que el término de "corea mayor" ha pasado a denominar a otro trastorno motor, la corea de Huntington.

Gestión

Indicadores de seguridad: ¿cómo medir la seguridad y la inseguridad de la atención de saludhttp://www.mednet.cl/link.cgi/Medwave/PuestaDia/Conferencias/4793

En este día...


ON THIS DAY

On This Day: October 15

On Oct. 15, 1964, it was announced that Soviet leader Nikita S. Khrushchev had been removed from office. He was succeeded as premier by Alexei N. Kosygin and as Communist Party secretary by Leonid I. Brezhnev.
On Oct. 15, 1844, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, the influential German philosopher, was born. Following his death on Aug. 25, 1900, his obituary appeared in The Times.

On This Date

1860Eleven-year-old Grace Bedell of Westfield, N.Y., wrote a letter to presidential candidate Abraham Lincoln, suggesting he could improve his appearance by growing a beard.
1946Nazi war criminal Hermann Goering fatally poisoned himself hours before he was to have been executed.
1951The situation comedy "I Love Lucy" premiered on CBS.
1964It was announced that Soviet leader Nikita S. Khrushchev had been removed from office.
1976Democrat Walter F. Mondale and Republican Bob Dole faced off in the first debate between vice-presidential nominees.
1990Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev was named the winner of the Nobel Peace Prize.
1990South Africa's Separate Amenities Act, which had barred blacks from public facilities for decades, was scrapped.
1991The Senate narrowly confirmed the nomination of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court, 52-48.
1993Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk were named winners of the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts to end apartheid in South Africa.
2002ImClone Systems founder Sam Waksal pleaded guilty in New York in the biotech company's insider trading scandal.
2005Iraqis voted to approve a constitution.
2007The New York Yankees and third baseman Alex Rodriguez agreed on a record 10-year, $275 million contract, the richest in sports history.
2009A false report that a 6-year-old boy was aboard a runaway balloon in Colorado captivated a global TV audience. (The boy's parents later pleaded guilty to charges they made up the story.)

Current Birthdays

Linda Lavin, Actress (“Alice”)
Actress Linda Lavin ("Alice") turns 74 years old today.
AP Photo/Peter Kramer
Tito Jackson, Singer (The Jackson Five)
Singer Tito Jackson (The Jackson Five) turns 58 years old today.
AP Photo/Dan Steinberg
1924Lee Iacocca, Former Chrysler chairman, turns 87
1935Barry McGuire, Rock singer, turns 76
1943Penny Marshall, Actress, director, turns 68
1945Jim Palmer, Baseball Hall of Famer, turns 66
1946Richard Carpenter, Singer, musician (The Carpenters), turns 65
1953Larry Miller, Actor, turns 58
1954Jere Burns, Actor, turns 57
1955Tanya Roberts, Actress, turns 56
1959Sarah Ferguson, Duchess of York, turns 52
1959Emeril Lagasse, TV chef, turns 52
1966Eric Benet, R&B singer, turns 45
1969Paige Davis, TV host ("Trading Spaces"), turns 42
1969Dominic West, Actor ("The Wire"), turns 42
1970Ginuwine, R&B singer, turns 41

Historic Birthdays

48Virgil 10/15/70 BC - 9/21/19 BC
Roman poet
39Evangelista Torricelli 10/15/1608 - 10/25/1647
Italian physicist and mathematician
71Allan Ramsay 10/15/1686 - 1/7/1758
Scottish poet
65James Tissot 10/15/1836 - 8/8/1902
French artist
59John Lawrence Sullivan 10/15/1858 - 2/2/1918
American professional boxer
89Edith Bolling Galt Wilson 10/15/1872 - 12/28/1961
American first lady (1915-1921)
77Marie C. C. Stopes 10/15/1880 - 10/2/1958
Scottish scientist and advocate of birth control
93Sir P. G. Wodehouse 10/15/1881 - 2/14/1975
English comic novelist, short story writer, lyricist and playwright
50S.S. VanDine 10/15/1888 - 4/11/1939
American critic, editor and author of popular detective novels
86Mervyn LeRoy 10/15/1900 - 9/13/1987
American film director

DANCE REVIEW


DANCE REVIEW

Toe to Spine, a Study in Precision

The amalgam of formality and informality, of technique and rawness (sometimes wildness) in the work of the choreographer Liz Gerring is something rare. Her six dancers, all attractive, look purpose-bred. The intensity with which they all use their backs is particularly impressive, as is the accentuation they bring to very simple steps. Yet they look neither homogenized nor groomed. Though the way any one of them raises a limb often looks wholly unschooled, you later realize that each moves the very same way the next time, and that so do the others. What looked naïve proves to be precise.
Andrea Mohin/The New York Times
Jessica Weiss and Brandin Steffensen, center, performing “She Dreams in Code.”

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Ms. Gerring’s work “She Dreams in Code,” currently at the Baryshnikov Arts Center, has several steps that stay powerfully in the memory, chiefly because of the way these dancers move their torsos. Above all, there’s a tiny advancing jump from foot to foot that becomes extraordinary because, with each transfer of weight, the performer bends right over as if to touch the floor. Then there’s a turning jump from which dancers land with one foot tucked up to the knee: what’s remarkable about it is the way the torso curves right over, so that an intricate lower-body maneuver turns into a full-bodied change of shape.
Seldom in these dances is the spine still. Often it plunges, rears, arches. Surely there must be extensive training behind all this? These dancers, however, never look like polished technicians. Now they look like sports players, now like wild animals.
I saw an earlier, incomplete version of “She Dreams in Code” in San Francisco this spring. Since then it has become a real theater piece, with a beautifully poetic stream of video imagery by Willy Le Maitre as décor; individualized dimly blue costumes by Jillian Lewis; and a score by Michael J. Schumacher that, like Mr. Le Maitre’s video projections, covers a wide range of subjects and moods. Carolyn Wong’s lighting is marvelous: There is one especially fine use of strong side-lighting, whereby dancers are pronged by two separate beams from contrasting angles on the audience’s left.
The partly feral intensity of Ms. Gerring’s last work, “Lichtung/Clearing,” from 2010 (which will be performed as part of this year’s Fall for Dance Festival), reminded me of Merce Cunningham’s “RainForest.” The dance theater of “She Dreams in Code” has Cunningham qualities too, but owes more overt debts to the first generation of postmodern choreographers. Trisha Brown must be the influence on how nonvirtuoso movements (like jogging) or short phrases are submitted to analytical procedures — retrograded or iterated — so that simple movement is held up to scrutiny.
Remarkably, this analytical aspect becomes part of the work’s overall stylistic coherence, which ranges from a wide supply of strong-lined arabesques for the women to slow-rolling backward somersaults for members of either sex. It’s a group dance that contains multiple solos (often different ones simultaneously), duets and other ensembles. Male-male partnering and female-male partnering at times occur equally side by side, but the general emphasis is heterosexual: Only women are lifted, and in one emphatic sequence the three women are supported identically by the three men at the same time. In one haunting image a woman clings to a man’s chest, facing up into it, as he slowly crawls forward across the stage.
It’s a mysterious piece — you wonder, following the title, if Ms. Gerring not only dreams but also choreographs in code — but it stays compelling. The six riveting dancers — Ben Asriel, Tony Neidenbach, Adele Nickel, Brandin Steffensen, Jessica Weiss and Claire Westby — bring it a fullness, naturalness and absorption that help it to create a stage world that keeps deepening as you watch, and then again further in recollection.
“She Dreams in Code” runs through Sunday at the Baryshnikov Arts Center, 450 West 37th Street, Manhattan; bacnyc.org.