sábado, 1 de abril de 2017

Costo-Efectividad de las intervenciones complementarias no farmacológicas para la osteoartritis de la rodilla



Cost-effectiveness of adjunct non-pharmacological interventions for osteoarthritis of the knee
Fuente
Este artículo es originalmente publicado en:
De:
2017 Mar 7;12(3):e0172749. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172749. eCollection 2017.
Todos los derechos reservados para:
© 2017 Woods et al
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Background
There is limited information on the costs and benefits of alternative adjunct non-pharmacological treatments for knee osteoarthritis and little guidance on which should be prioritised for commissioning within the NHS. This study estimates the costs and benefits of acupuncture, braces, heat treatment, insoles, interferential therapy, laser/light therapy, manual therapy, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, pulsed electrical stimulation, pulsed electromagnetic fields, static magnets and transcutaneous electrical nerve Stimulation (TENS), based on all relevant data, to facilitate a more complete assessment of value.
Methods
Data from 88 randomised controlled trials including 7,507 patients were obtained from a systematic review. The studies reported a wide range of outcomes. These were converted into EQ-5D index values using prediction models, and synthesised using network meta-analysis. Analyses were conducted including firstly all trials and secondly only trials with low risk of selection bias. Resource use was estimated from trials, expert opinion and the literature. A decision analytic model synthesised all evidence to assess interventions over a typical treatment period (constant benefit over eight weeks or linear increase in effect over weeks zero to eight and dissipation over weeks eight to 16).
Results
When all trials are considered, TENS is cost-effective at thresholds of £20–30,000 per QALY with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of £2,690 per QALY vs. usual care. When trials with a low risk of selection bias are considered, acupuncture is cost-effective with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of £13,502 per QALY vs. TENS. The results of the analysis were sensitive to varying the intensity, with which interventions were delivered, and the magnitude and duration of intervention effects on EQ-5D.
Conclusions
Using the £20,000 per QALY NICE threshold results in TENS being cost-effective if all trials are considered. If only higher quality trials are considered, acupuncture is cost-effective at this threshold, and thresholds down to £14,000 per QALY.
Resumen
ANTECEDENTES
Hay poca información sobre los costos y beneficios de los tratamientos no farmacológicos adjuntos alternativos para la osteoartritis de rodilla y poca orientación sobre la cual se debe priorizar para la puesta en servicio dentro del SNS. Estimulación eléctrica neuromuscular, estimulación eléctrica pulsada, campos electromagnéticos pulsados, imanes estáticos y estimulación nerviosa eléctrica transcutánea (TENS, por sus siglas en inglés). Este estudio estima los costos y beneficios de la acupuntura, , Sobre la base de todos los datos pertinentes, para facilitar una evaluación más completa del valor.
Métodos
Los datos de 88 ensayos controlados aleatorios incluidos 7.507 pacientes se obtuvieron de una revisión sistemática. Los estudios informaron una amplia gama de resultados. Estos se convirtieron en valores de índice EQ-5D utilizando modelos de predicción, y se sintetizaron utilizando meta-análisis de red. Los análisis se llevaron a cabo incluyendo en primer lugar todos los ensayos y en segundo lugar sólo los ensayos con bajo riesgo de sesgo de selección. El uso de recursos se estimó a partir de ensayos, opinión de expertos y la literatura. Un modelo analítico de decisión sintetizó todas las pruebas para evaluar las intervenciones durante un período de tratamiento típico (beneficio constante durante ocho semanas o incremento lineal en efecto durante las semanas 0 a 8 y disipación durante las semanas 8 a 16).
Resultados
Cuando se consideran todos los ensayos, la TENS es rentable en umbrales de £ 20-30,000 por QALY con una relación costo-efectividad incremental de £ 2,690 por QALY frente a la atención habitual. Cuando se consideran los ensayos con un bajo riesgo de sesgo de selección, la acupuntura es rentable con una relación costo-efectividad incremental de £ 13,502 por QALY frente a TENS. Los resultados del análisis fueron sensibles a la variación de la intensidad, con qué intervenciones fueron entregadas, y la magnitud y duración de los efectos de la intervención en EQ-5D.
Conclusiones
El uso de los £ 20.000 por QALY NICE resultados en el umbral de TENS es rentable si todos los ensayos se consideran. Si sólo se consideran ensayos de mayor calidad, la acupuntura es rentable en este umbral, y los umbrales de hasta 14.000 libras por QALY.
PMID:   28267751    DOI:  
Free PMC Article

Medwave edición marzo 2017

Medwave edición marzo 2017
Vea este email en su navegador


---------------------  Contenidos  publicados durante marzo 2017:  ---------------------------
EDITORIAL
Colaboración íbero-americana en Medwave a propósito del Día Mundial del Corazón
Alberto Morales Salinas, Adrian Baranchuk, Antoni Bayés de Luna (Internacional)
Medwave 2017 Mar;17(2):e6883
ESTUDIOS PRIMARIOS
Asociación del antecedente transfusional antes de 1994 con hepatitis vírica tipo C en mujeres
Christian Ramos Flores, Ernesto Echeagaray, Guadalupe Castañeda, Maria de Lourdes Vargas, Raúl Montes-González, Susana Luna, Laura Díaz, Oscar Torres (México)
Medwave 2017 Mar;17(2):e6886
Índice de gravedad para servicios quirúrgicos en un hospital cubano: estudio de revalidación
Amadys Armas Bencomo, Teddy Osmin Tamargo Barbeito, Edelberto Fuentes Valdés, Rosa Eugenia Jiménez Paneque (Cuba)
Medwave 2017 Mar;17(2):e6880
Factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda en hemodiálisis
Mariela Linares , Renato Cerna Viacava, Nilton Yhuri Carreazo, Renzo Valdivia Vega (Perú)
Medwave 2017 Mar;17(2):e6879
CARTAS A LA EDITORA
Eventos científicos estudiantiles en Cuba: oportunidades para todos
Javier Gonzalez-Argote, Alexis Alejandro Garcia-Rivero (Cuba)
Medwave 2017 Mar;17(2):e6878
Cartas al editor en investigación medica
Irina Suley Tirado Pérez, Andrea Carolina Zárate Vergara (Colombia)
Medwave 2017;17(2):e6881

Envío de manuscritos originales
http://ojs.medwave.cl/index.php/medwave/login
------------------------------------------------
Instrucciones a los autores
http://www.medwave.cl/link.cgi/instrucciones.act
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Si quiere participar como par revisor de Medwave
http://www.medwave.cl/link.cgi/revisor.act

------------------------------------------------------------------
Contacto con la revista: Rodrigo Núñez
publishing@medwave.cl

Guías para la prescripción de opioides en el dolor no oncológico en ancianos Guidance on opioids prescribing for the management of persistent non-cancer pain in older adults. Guerriero F1. World J Clin Cases. 2017 Mar 16;5(3):73-81. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v5.i3.73. Abstract Many older adults suffer from persistent pain but prevalence studies consistently showed high levels of untreated or under-treated pain in old population. Both persistent pain and pain under-treatment adversely affect independence and quality of life in geriatric patients. Pain management is challenging in this age-group because of the declining organ function, the presence of concurrent diseases and polypharmacy. For all the above reasons, persistent pain in the elderly should be considered a geriatric syndrome per se and effective approaches are warranted. Current guidelines and consensus statements recommend opioid therapy for older adults with moderate-to-severe persistent pain or functional impairment and diminished quality of life due to pain. However clinicians and patients themselves have some concerns about opioids use. Age-related decline in organs functions and warnings about risk of addiction and drug misuse/abuse also in geriatric patients need particular attention for safe prescribing. On the basis of clinical evidence, these practical recommendations will help to improve the competence on opioid role in persistent pain management and the likelihood of a successful analgesic trial in older patients. KEYWORDS: Chronic pain; Elderly; Opioids; Pain management PDF Mecanismos del dolor óseo en la osteoporosis. Revisión narrativa Bone pain mechanism in osteoporosis: a narrative review. Mattia C1, Coluzzi F1, Celidonio L1, Vellucci R2. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2016 May-Aug;13(2):97-100. Epub 2016 Oct 5. Abstract Bone pain in elderly people dramatically affects their quality of life, with osteoporosis being the leading cause of skeletal related events. Peripheral and central mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of the nervous system sensitization. Osteoporosis in the elderly has been associated with increased density of bone sensory nerve fibers and their pathological modifications, together with an over-expression of nociceptors sensitized by the lowering pH due to the osteoclastic activity. The activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and the microglia, as a response to a range of pathological conditions, represent the leading cause of central sensitization. Unfortunately, osteoporosis is named the "silent thief" because it manifests with painful manifestation only when a fracture occurs. In the management of patients suffering from bone pain, both the nociceptive and the neuropathic component of chronic pain should be considered in the selection of the analgesic treatment. KEYWORDS: bone; opioids; osteoporosis; pain mechanism PDF Implicaciones del uso de analgésicos en el dolor por osteoporosis. Opioides Implications of analgesics use in osteoporotic-related pain treatment: focus on opioids. Vellucci R1, Mattia C2, Celidonio L2, Mediati RD1. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2016 May-Aug;13(2):89-92. Epub 2016 Oct 5. Abstract Bone loss is asymptomatic and will progress without pain and other symptoms until the occurrence of a fracture. The occurrence of a breaking bone induce acute pain determined and supported by a mechanical, inflammatory and neuropathic component. Very often the acute component evolves in a chronic musculoskeletal component. Overall objectives of the analgesic therapy can be summarized in pain relief, improving sleep, improve mobility, reduce anxiety, emotional component and depression. Osteoporosis is predominantly a condition of the elderly, more likely to have coexisting cardiovascular disease and age-related decline in renal function, receiving treatment for one or more comorbid conditions, taking multiple medications. Analgesic treatment with NSAIDs has negative effects on skeletal health and healing of the injured skeleton and increase risk of adverse events especially in older patients. Despite all opioids therapy represents a mainstay in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe pain, it can induce an endocrinopathy, which may affect bone metabolism. The negative effects of opioids on hormonal axis are not the same for all molecule and the choice of drug can be crucial in the treatment of patients with chronic pain. KEYWORDS: chronic pain; opioids; osteoporosis; osteoporosis fractures; osteoporotic pain; pain; pain treatment PDF 5to curso internacional Anestesiologia cardiotoracica_ vascular_ ecocardiografia y circulaci_n extracorporea. Curso sobre Anestesia en Trasplantes, Cirugía abdominal, Plástica, Oftalmología y Otorrinolaringología. Committee for European Education in Anaesthesiology (CEEA) y el Colegio de Anestesiólogos de León A.C. Abril 7-9, 2017, León Guanajuato, México Informes (477) 716 06 16, kikinhedz@gmail.com Like us on Facebook Follow us on Twitter Find us on Google+ View our videos on YouTube Anestesiología y Medicina del Dolor 52 664 6848905 vwhizar@anestesia-dolor.org anestesia-dolor.org Copyright © 2015

Abril 1, 2017. No. 2646






Guías para la prescripción de opioides en el dolor no oncológico en ancianos
Guidance on opioids prescribing for the management of persistent non-cancer pain in older adults.
World J Clin Cases. 2017 Mar 16;5(3):73-81. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v5.i3.73.
Abstract
Many older adults suffer from persistent pain but prevalence studies consistently showed high levels of untreated or under-treated pain in old population. Both persistent pain and pain under-treatment adversely affect independence and quality of life in geriatric patients. Pain management is challenging in this age-group because of the declining organ function, the presence of concurrent diseases and polypharmacy. For all the above reasons, persistent pain in the elderly should be considered a geriatric syndrome per se and effective approaches are warranted. Current guidelines and consensus statements recommend opioid therapy for older adults with moderate-to-severe persistent pain or functional impairment and diminished quality of life due to pain. However clinicians and patients themselves have some concerns about opioids use. Age-related decline in organs functions and warnings about risk of addiction and drug misuse/abuse also in geriatric patients need particular attention for safe prescribing. On the basis of clinical evidence, these practical recommendations will help to improve the competence on opioid role in persistent pain management and the likelihood of a successful analgesic trial in older patients.
KEYWORDS: Chronic pain; Elderly; Opioids; Pain management

Mecanismos del dolor óseo en la osteoporosis. Revisión narrativa
Bone pain mechanism in osteoporosis: a narrative review.
Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2016 May-Aug;13(2):97-100. Epub 2016 Oct 5.
Abstract
Bone pain in elderly people dramatically affects their quality of life, with osteoporosis being the leading cause of skeletal related events. Peripheral and central mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of the nervous system sensitization. Osteoporosis in the elderly has been associated with increased density of bone sensory nerve fibers and their pathological modifications, together with an over-expression of nociceptors sensitized by the lowering pH due to the osteoclastic activity. The activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and the microglia, as a response to a range of pathological conditions, represent the leading cause of central sensitization. Unfortunately, osteoporosis is named the "silent thief" because it manifests with painful manifestation only when a fracture occurs. In the management of patients suffering from bone pain, both the nociceptive and the neuropathic component of chronic pain should be considered in the selection of the analgesic treatment.
KEYWORDS: bone; opioids; osteoporosis; pain mechanism

Implicaciones del uso de analgésicos en el dolor por osteoporosis. Opioides
Implications of analgesics use in osteoporotic-related pain treatment: focus on opioids.
Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2016 May-Aug;13(2):89-92. Epub 2016 Oct 5.
Abstract
Bone loss is asymptomatic and will progress without pain and other symptoms until the occurrence of a fracture. The occurrence of a breaking bone induce acute pain determined and supported by a mechanical, inflammatory and neuropathic component. Very often the acute component evolves in a chronic musculoskeletal component. Overall objectives of the analgesic therapy can be summarized in pain relief, improving sleep, improve mobility, reduce anxiety, emotional component and depression. Osteoporosis is predominantly a condition of the elderly, more likely to have coexisting cardiovascular disease and age-related decline in renal function, receiving treatment for one or more comorbid conditions, taking multiple medications. Analgesic treatment with NSAIDs has negative effects on skeletal health and healing of the injured skeleton and increase risk of adverse events especially in older patients. Despite all opioids therapy represents a mainstay in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe pain, it can induce an endocrinopathy, which may affect bone metabolism. The negative effects of opioids on hormonal axis are not the same for all molecule and the choice of drug can be crucial in the treatment of patients with chronic pain.
KEYWORDS: chronic pain; opioids; osteoporosis; osteoporosis fractures; osteoporotic pain; pain; pain treatment

Curso sobre Anestesia en Trasplantes, Cirugía abdominal, Plástica, Oftalmología y Otorrinolaringología.
Committee for European Education in Anaesthesiology (CEEA) 
y el Colegio de Anestesiólogos de León A.C.
Abril 7-9, 2017, León Guanajuato, México

Informes  (477) 716 06 16, kikinhedz@gmail.com
Like us on Facebook   Follow us on Twitter   Find us on Google+   View our videos on YouTube 
Anestesiología y Medicina del Dolor

52 664 6848905

Copyright © 2015