domingo, 31 de julio de 2011

Science review


Coming Together to Pray, and Also to Find Reduced-Rate Energy Deals

Washington congregations are discovering ways to cut bills and support renewable power.
LIFE OUT THERE
Dr. Gerald F. Joyce with test tubes for synthesizing molecules that are self-replicating.

‘It’s Alive! It’s Alive!’ Maybe Right Here on Earth

Chemists and biologists are trying to generate the Frankensteinian spark that will jump the gap separating the inanimate and the animate.
OBSERVATORY
The Marcgravia evenia plant has dish-shaped leaves that bounce back echoes that bats can identify through echolocation.

A Vine Bounces Back Sound to Signal Bats

The plant, Marcgravia evenia, has dish-shaped leaves that reflect sounds especially well, making it easy for bats to identify it though echolocation.
OBSERVATORY

Herbivores’ Nibbles Affect Climate Tales That Tree Rings Tell

Analyzing past climate conditions using tree rings is complicated when the trees have been food for animals, researchers have found.

Report on Dead Polar Bears Gets a Biologist Suspended

Charles Monnett’s sightings in Arctic waters became a rallying point for those concerned about global warming.
Science Times: July 26, 2011
URBAN LAB Clockwise from top left: An ant trap in a Broadway median; James Danoff-Burg taking notes in Riverside Park; a white-footed mouse in Highbridge Park; Dr. Danoff-Burg collecting ants.
Damon Winter/The New York Times
URBAN LAB Clockwise from top left: An ant trap in a Broadway median; James Danoff-Burg taking notes in Riverside Park; a white-footed mouse in Highbridge Park; Dr. Danoff-Burg collecting ants.
A small but growing number of field biologists study urban evolution — the biological changes that cities bring to the wildlife that inhabits them.
BASICS
HIDE AND SEEK Studying snow leopards in Afghanistan can be challenging.

A Forbidding Kingdom of Snow Leopards

A wealth of snow leopard images has helped estimate population numbers, identify individuals and track migrations.
ON VIEW
SCIENCE AND FICTION The new movie “Another Earth” is a meditation on guilt and redemption in crisscrossing worlds.

It’s Fashionable to Take a Trip to Another Universe

Multiple universes are all the rage these days, and the new film “Another Earth” explores those crisscrossing worlds.
KEY Codebooks like this one from 1896 cut the cost of telegrams, which were charged by the word.

Codebook Shows an Encryption Form Dates Back to Telegraphs

A computer scientist discovered that a form of cryptography, believed to have been invented in the 20th century, actually has older roots.
Health News
NEWS ANALYSIS

Grasping for Any Way to Prevent Alzheimer’s

Scientists have calculated that if people address certain risks, a significant number of Alzheimer’s cases could be prevented, with the operative word being “could.”
More Multimedia

SLIDE SHOW: Animals at Play

“The Exultant Ark” examines animal pleasure, with surprising, funny, touching, sad, heartwarming pictures by photographers from all over the world.

INTERACTIVE GRAPHIC: 30 Years of the Space Shuttle

An interactive timeline of the 135 space shuttle missions.

VIDEO: Nora Volkow

An interview with the neuroscientist in charge of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, who also happens to be the great-granddaughter of Leon Trotsky.

Rock-Paper-Scissors: You vs. the Computer

Test your strategy against the computer in this rock-paper-scissors game illustrating basic artificial intelligence.
GUARDIAN Don Riepe, near an osprey nest, has lived on Jamaica Bay since 1981. He is among the advocates who work to protect the bay from human intrusion.

Jamaica Bay: Wilderness on the Edge

With the city pushing relentlessly against Jamaica Bay, advocates are toiling to keep the 20,000-acre wildlife haven vital.
The view from the top of Glines Canyon Dam, which is one of two massive hydroelectric dams on the Olympic Peninsula that will be demolished beginning at the end of the summer.

Removing Barriers to Salmon Migration

A promising environmental restoration project will soon get under way in Washington state in the form of the largest dam removal in American history.
SCIENTIST AT WORK BLOG
The Mongolian midsummer festival of Naadam is a celebration of three sports: horse riding, archery, and most of all, wrestling.

Plants, Climate and a Festival

How will climate change affect the diverse plant community that feeds the inhabitants of the northern Mongolian steppe?
Science Columns
OBSERVATORY

Rocky Surprises on the Far Side of the Moon

Researchers have found dome-shaped volcanic deposits that measure half a mile to three miles across on the Moon.
OBSERVATORY
A bottlenose dolphin wearing a marine basket sponge in Shark Bay.

Dolphin Tool Helps to Find Fare on Seafloor

Some dolphins use marine basket sponges to forage for food because it allows them to uncover prey undiscoverable by echolocation.
OBSERVATORY
Kyrtomisporis speciosus and other fossils' carbon isotopes helped date a mass extinction.

Blame for Extinction Spreads to Methane Gas

The study could be foreshadowing the effect of climate change on Earth, its lead author says.
Q & A

The Rocking Boat

Why do some people become seasick while others on the same boat do not?
Podcast: Science Times
Science Times Podcast
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This week: Evolution on a small island, running with the elephants and is Alzheimer's disease preventable?
Health Columns
PERSONAL HEALTH

Sun’s Rays May Leave Mysterious Marks

Many rashes result from a photosensitivity reaction, a combination of the sun’s UVA radiation and exposure to a drug, perfume or another substance.
REALLY?

The Claim: Air-Conditioning Can Cause Colds

Though colds and other respiratory ailments are caused by viruses, not cold temperatures, there is some evidence that air-conditioning may contribute in some small way to such illnesses.
Opinion
DOT EARTH BLOG

Radiation's Role in (Safely) Feeding the Planet

After recent outbreaks of deadly food-borne illness, the notion of irradiating food gets a bit of traction.

sábado, 30 de julio de 2011

Hierbas pre operatorias en cirugía plastica


Uso perioperatorio de hierbas, medicamentos complementarios y sin receta en pacientes de cirugía plástica
Perioperative use of herbal, complementary, and over the counter medicines in plastic surgery patients.
Collins D, Oakey S, Ramakrishnan V.
St Andrew's Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery, Court Road, Broomfield, Chelmsford, Essex, United Kingdom.
Eplasty. 2011;11:e27. Epub 2011 May 19.Abstract
Objective: Over the last 50 years, there has been a surge of interest by both the public and medical practitioners in therapies and disciplines that are not considered part of mainstream medical care. The title given to these is complementary and alternative medicine. Of all these branches, our interest is the increasing use of herbal medicines, traditional medicines (such as Chinese or Indian), homeopathy and "dietary supplements," and the influence they may have on our practice. Our objective was to examine the prevalence and reasons for use of complementary and alternative medicines, the current regulations, and proposed policy changes affecting the licensing of these products. In addition, we highlight some of the problems that have been experienced with herbal and traditional medicines. Methods: A prospective analysis of herbal and over the counter medicines used by elective plastic surgery patients. Results: Of 100 elective plastic surgery patients undergoing procedures at St Andrew's Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery, 44% of patients were taking a dietary supplement, herbal, or homeopathic remedy. In none of the patients was this documented in the notes by either the surgeon or anesthetist. Conclusions: We recommend that clear documentation of the use of nonprescribed medicines becomes part of standard practice and, furthermore, that patients stop all such medications 2 weeks prior to surgery until the efficacy, interactions, and safety profiles are clearly established

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3098682/pdf/eplasty11e27.pdf
Fitoterapéutica: evaluación del potencial de 1000 plantas.
Phytotherapeutics: an evaluation of the potential of 1000 plants.
Cravotto G, Boffa L, Genzini L, Garella D.
Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. giancarlo.cravotto@unito.it
J Clin Pharm Ther. 2010 Feb;35(1):11-48.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to evaluate and summarize the available scientific information on the commonest plant extracts marketed in Western countries. In view of the intense, ongoing search for new plant extracts with powerful anti-inflammatory activity, we paid particular attention to this topic. The aim is to provide broad coverage of as many potentially useful plants as possible and then to focus on those with the greatest therapeutic potential. METHODS: Our bibliographic sources were the SciFinder databases: CAPLUS, MEDLINE, REGISTRY, CASREACT, CHEMLIST, CHEMCATS (update to October 2007). In order to assess the value of clinical trials, we focused a specific search on clinical investigations concerning nine plants with the most trial data, viz., Althaea officinalis, Calendula officinalis, Centella asiatica, Echinacea purpurea, Passiflora incarnata, Punica granatum, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Vaccinium myrtillus, Valeriana officinalis. This was carried out in several databases (update to June 2008): ISI Web of Knowledge(SM) (ISI WoK), SciFinder (CAPLUS, MEDLINE, REGISTRY, CASREACT, CHEMLIST, CHEMCATS) and PubMed (indexed for MEDLINE). RESULTS: Our survey covers roughly a 1000 plants, although clinical trials have been published only for 156 plants supporting specific pharmacological activities and therapeutic applications. However, for about half of the plants, in vitro and in vivo studies provide some support for therapeutic use. For one-fifth of the plants included in our search, only phytochemical studies were found. Their properties and indications were often attributed to the presence of certain compounds, but no evidence concerning the activities of the whole extracts was presented. We found that for about 12% of the plants, currently available on the Western market, no substantial studies on their properties had been published, while there was strong evidence that 1 in 200 were toxic or allergenic, so that their use ought to be discouraged or forbidden. Nine plants had considerable evidence of therapeutic effect, viz., A. officinalis, Calendula officinalis, Centella asiatica, E. purpurea, Passiflora incarnata, Punica granatum, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Vaccinium myrtillus, Valeriana officinalis. CONCLUSION: The present review provides a baseline on the level of evidence available on many herbal preparations and should be of
help to those intending to research further on these topics.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01096.x/pdf
 

Atentamente
Dr. Benito Cortes-Blanco
Anestesiología y Medicina del Dolor

Esto va en serio...



¡Esto va en serio!

undefinedEste es un programa que pretende reflexionar sobre el consumo de tabaco, sobre sus efectos y sobre cómo hacerpara dejarlo cuando así se desea.

Según investigaciones internacionales la dependencia al tabaco evoluciona rápidamente en la juventud que empieza a fumar, aunque también el deseo de dejarlo aparece pronto. Ya en los 3 primeros meses tras haber empezado a fumar, las personas jóvenes empiezan a considerar seriamente el dejarlo. Se encontró que tras un periodo de consumo de tabaco de 2 años y medio las personas jóvenes se van haciendo conscientes de su adicción, aproximadamente un 60% habían tratado de dejarlo.
Este deseo de dejar el tabaco también se hace presente en Asturias, donde está disminuyendo el consumo de tabaco entre la población joven:
undefined

(Observatorio sobre Drogas para Asturias, Encuesta Estatal sobre Uso de Drogas en Enseñanzas Secundarias ESTUDES 1994-2008, submuestra asturiana).


Para ayudar a clarificar la posición ante el tabaco hemos editado un folleto que plantea una reflexión sobre los principales efectos del mismo.
También hemos editado una guía que profundiza esta reflexión, ayuda a clarificar los motivos que empujan el deseo de dejarlo y facilita un plan para dejarlo paulatinamente en cuatro semanas. Esta guía se ha hecho conforme a los métodos que han demostrado mayor eficacia para ayudar a dejar de fumar.

Además, desde el Servicio de Información para Jóvenes sobre Salud situado en las oficinas del Conseyu de Mocedá de Xijón (Avda. Manuel Llaneza, 68, bajo) organizamos periódicamente talleres en grupo para ayudar a dejar de fumar. Si tienes interés en participar en estos talleres pásate por allí o envía la ficha de inscripción apromocionsocial.fmss@gijon.es . Cuando organicemos el siguiente taller te avisaremos. La asistencia a estos talleres es gratuita, duran cuatro semanas con una sesión a la semana de una hora, por la tarde.

El grupo de voluntarios y voluntarias del Conseyu de Mocedá de Xixón llevará estos folletos y la guía cuando haga intervenciones en zonas de ocio, para distribuir entre las personas interesadas.

Todo este programa se ha realizado conjuntamente entre la Fundación Municipal de Servicios Sociales del Ayuntamiento de Gijón y la Gerencia de Atención Primaria del Área V del Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias. Contando con el apoyo del Plan sobre Drogas para Asturias de la Consejería de Salud y Servicios Sanitarios del Principado de Asturias y la colaboración del Conseyu de Mocedá de Xixón y del programa Información sobre Drogas deCruz Roja Juventud.
  • Descargar ficha de inscripción del Taller para dejar de fumaraquí.
  • Descargar el folleto de la campañaaquí.
  • Descargar la Guía para dejar de fumaraquí.
¡Sigue la campaña en las redes sociales!

síndrome coronario agudo

Características diferenciales de los pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del segmento ST con respecto a los que tienen elevación transitoria del segmento ST
E. Arroyo Úcar.  A. Domínguez-Rodríguez.  R. Juárez Prera.  G. Blanco Palacios.  C. Hernández García.  M. Carrillo-Pérez Tome.  P. Abreu-González. 
Med Intensiva. 2011;35:270-3.

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Se define la elevación transitoria o no persistente del segmento ST como aquella cuya resolución se alcanza en menos de 30 minutos sin terapia de reperfusión alguna. Las actuales guías terapéuticas indican un manejo similar al del SCA sin elevación del segmento ST, no existiendo en número suficiente trabajos o publicaciones que avalen dichas recomendaciones ni que ahonden en las características diferenciales de ambas entidades. Mediante este estudio de cohorte prospectivo realizado en una unidad coronaria de un hospital de tercer nivel, se pretende profundizar en dichos aspectos y discutir la posible relevancia en su manejo y pronóstico.


Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico y de sus componentes en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo

Ana Jover.  Emili Corbella.  Anna Muñoz.  Jesús Millán.  Xavier Pintó.  Alipio Mangas.  Manuel Zúñiga.  Juan Pedro-Botet.  Antonio Hernández-Mijares. 
Rev Esp Cardiol. 2011;64:579-86.

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El síndrome metabólico (SM) es una combinación de anomalías metabólicas interrelacionadas, que comportan un significativo incremento del riesgo de: enfermedad cardiovascular y diabetes mellitus tipo 2.Su prevalencia está en progresión ascendente en todo el mundo y supone un auténtico problema de salud pública. Cada uno de los componentes del SM se asocia por separado con aumento de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y hay controversia sobre si el SM implica mayor riesgo cardiovascular que la suma de sus componentes.El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar tanto la prevalencia de SM como la frecuencia y la combinación de sus diferentes componentes definitorios en pacientes con un síndrome coronario agudo en nuestro medio.

En este día


ON THIS DAY

On This Day: July 30

On July 30, 1945, the USS Indianapolis, which had just delivered key components of the Hiroshima atomic bomb to the Pacific island of Tinian, was torpedoed by a Japanese submarine. Only 316 out of 1,196 men survived the sinking and shark-infested waters.
On July 30, 1863, Henry Ford, the American automobile manufacturer who founded the Ford Motor Company, was born. Following his death on April 7, 1947, his obituary appeared in The Times.

On This Date

1619The first representative assembly in America convened in Jamestown, Va.
1729The city of Baltimore was founded.
1792The French national anthem, "La Marseillaise" by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, was first sung in Paris.
1863American automaker Henry Ford was born in Dearborn Township, Mich.
1930Host Uruguay won soccer's first World Cup with a 4-2 victory over Argentina in the final in Montevideo.
1942President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a bill creating a women's auxiliary agency in the Navy known as Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service, or WAVES.
1945The USS Indianapolis, which had just delivered key components of the Hiroshima atomic bomb to the Pacific island of Tinian, was torpedoed by a Japanese submarine; 880 men lost their lives.
1966England won the World Cup when Geoff Hurst scored a hat trick in a 4-2 victory over West Germany at London's Wembley Stadium.
1971Apollo 15 astronauts David R. Scott and James B. Irwin landed on the moon.
1975Former Teamsters union president Jimmy Hoffa disappeared in suburban Detroit. (His remains have never been found.)
2002Expelled from Congress a week earlier, James A. Traficant Jr. was sentenced to eight years behind bars for corruption.
2008Ex-Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic was extradited to The Hague to face genocide charges after nearly 13 years on the run.

Software Libre, los mejores programas de libre acceso para la ciudadanía, y todo 100% legal

Software Libre, los mejores programas de libre acceso para la ciudadanía, y todo 100% legal

Mapa de las redes sociales 2011



                                            

viernes, 29 de julio de 2011

Autismo