jueves, 9 de junio de 2011

Science news


The Periodic Table Expands Once Again

Elements 114 and 116 were made by scientists smashing atoms of other elements together.
Pat O'Connor spraying insulation in the attic of a home in Flourtown, Pa.

U.S. Is Falling Behind in the Business of ‘Green’

Strong incentives in European and Asian countries have given them the lead in clean energy technologies.
 Gov. Chris Christie called for revisions to New Jersey’s 10-year energy master plan at a news conference in Trenton on Tuesday. Here, he spoke at the National Guard Armory in Toms River.

Calling for ‘Achievable’ Target, Christie Plans Cut in State’s Renewable Energy Goals

The plan sets the amount of electricity to be obtained from renewable sources at 22.5 percent by 2021, down from 30 percent.
NEWS ANALYSIS
A doctor treated a victim of the E. coli outbreak at a hospital in Germany on Monday. The source of the germ remains unknown.

Elusive Explanations for an E. Coli Outbreak

The German health authorities are struggling to identify the contaminated food behind the deadly E. coli outbreak.
SCIENTIST AT WORK BLOG
A bull moose grazing on the tundra.

Before the Mosquitoes Come

Scientists studying birds, plants and insects on the tundra have to watch out for mosquitoes and moose.
Science Times: June 7, 2011
The Caribbean box jellyfish, Tripedalia cystophora, has two complex eyes with a lens, cornea and retina, as well as one or more simple eyes that can distinguish light and dark.
Anders Garm and Jan Bielecki
The Caribbean box jellyfish, Tripedalia cystophora, has two complex eyes with a lens, cornea and retina, as well as one or more simple eyes that can distinguish light and dark.
Jellyfish have long been dismissed as so much mindless protoplasm with a mouth. Now, in a series of new studies, researchers have found that there is far more complexity and nuance to a jellyfish than meets the eye.

After 90 Years, a Dictionary of an Ancient World

Scholars at the University of Chicago have completed a project that includes 28,000 words from ancient Mesopotamia, covering a period from 2500 B.C. to A.D. 100.
FINDINGS

Could Liquid Nitrogen Help Build Tasty Burgers?

To produce the best burger, one needs advanced scientific cooking techniques, a former Microsoft executive says.
Elena Aprile

Women Atop Their Fields Dissect the Scientific Life

Four researchers taking part in the World Science Festival talked with The Times about their lives as scientists, the joys and struggles of research, and the specific challenges women in science face.
  •  Women in Science: Gina Kolata Interviews Elena Aprile, Joy Hirsch, Mary-Claire King and Tal Rabin
Health News
STRATEGIES A study at New Roads School in Santa Monica, Calif., asked high school sophomores to match graphs and equations in an online drill.

Brain Calisthenics for Abstract Ideas

Traditional classroom learning is generally rules first, application later. However, researchers are finding that repeated exposure to patterns seems to deepen understanding.
WELL

Piercing the Fog Around Cellphones and Cancer

So what do we really know about cellphones and health? Here are some answers to common questions about the issue.
MAN IN THE MIDDLE Dr. Jonathan Samet is chairman of a World Health Organization committee that found cellphones to be

A Doctor Who Must Navigate a Contentious Divide

An international agency’s finding that cellphones are “possibly carcinogenic,” has put Dr. Jonathan Samet in the middle of a scientific debate.
More News

Radiation Understated After Quake, Japan Says

Japan said that emissions from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in the early days of the March 11 disaster might have been more than twice as large as a previous estimate.
TEMPERATURE RISING
Victor Valenzuela selects wheat plants for breeding at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center in Mexico.

A Warming Planet Struggles to Feed Itself

As global warming puts stresses on farmers feeding a growing world population, financing to develop new crop varieties and new techniques has been slow to materialize.
World Science Festival
The jazz guitarist Pat Metheny at a World Science Festival event on music and spontaneity on Saturday.

When the Melody Takes a Detour, the Science Begins

Jazz musicians and brain scientists in a World Science Festival panel discussion riffed on spontaneity, the power of listening and whether all this analysis kills the joy. (It doesn’t.)
On a patch of unmowed grass on Governors Island, Robert Naczi, right, a plant systematist with the New York Botanical Garden, described plant species to Daniela Maksin, 6, and her brother, Leon, 8.

Inquiring Minds on Governors Island

At the World Science Festival “Science on Site” event, the island was turned into a classroom and laboratory.
Speakers at the World Science Festival event,

Wielding Genomes in the Fight Against Cancer

Experts at the World Science Festival mused on individualized therapies, global involvement in clinical trials and the potential of genetic research to find a cure. Hint: It could take a while.

More Multimedia

SLIDE SHOW: An Ecological Ambassador

According to the owl researcher Denver Holt, snowy owls are a charismatic ambassador to the world to warn of problems caused by climate change.

INTERACTIVE FEATURE: What Makes Music Expressive?

What makes music expressive? Quiz yourself based on new research.

SLIDE SHOW: Readers’ Photos: A Family’s Best Friend?

Photos and stories of pets that were viewed differently by family members.

Rock-Paper-Scissors: You vs. the Computer

Test your strategy against the computer in this rock-paper-scissors game illustrating basic artificial intelligence.
Science Columns
Q & A

Flies in the Dark

Most species of flies, with mosquitoes one notable exception, are indeed just daytime fliers.
OBSERVATORY
A gorilla in Uganda. The animals eat extra protein when fruit is scarce.

Protein-Rich Diet Helps Gorillas Keep Lean

Protein makes up about 17 percent of the total energy intake for mountain gorillas in Uganda. That’s close to the 15 percent protein intake the American Heart Association recommends for people.
OBSERVATORY

Waves of Warmth In a Penguin Huddle

A coordinated movement allows every emperor penguin a chance to move from the colder outer region of the huddle into the warmer inner region.
OBSERVATORY
Halicephalobus mephisto eats bacteria and grows no bigger than two hundredths of an inch.

Gold Mine Treasure: A New Worm

A tiny nematode from a shaft of the Beatrix mine in South Africa is the first known multicellular organism to dwell at such depths.
Podcast: Science Times
Science Times Podcast
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This week: The science of hamburgers, women scientists and the brain of a jellyfish.
Health Columns
PERSONAL HEALTH

Law on End-of-Life Care Rankles Doctors

Doctors are pushing back against a new law in New York State that requires them to discuss palliative care with terminally ill patients.

The Claim: Cranberry Juice Can Cure Ulcers.

Cranberry juice has a long history as a home remedy for bladder infections. But may it also work against Helicobacter pylori, the bacterium responsible for most ulcers?
From Opinion
OP-ED CONTRIBUTOR

The Gas Is Greener

Sunlight and wind are naturally replenished, but converting them into electricity requires vast amounts of other natural resources.
Opinion
DOT EARTH BLOG

On Limits and Leaps

How resource limits vanish in the face of innovations.
WORDPLAY BLOG

Numberplay: The Museum and the Casino

A puzzle asking for the best strategy in a hypothetical casino game, provided by Glen Whitney, a founder of the Museum of Mathematics, which plans to open in New York City in 2012.

Trabajadores libres...... para obedecer


En este día...


ON THIS DAY

On This Day: June 9

On June 9, 1954, Army counsel Joseph N. Welch confronted Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy during the Senate-Army Hearings over McCarthy's attack on a member of Welch's law firm, Frederick G. Fisher. Said Welch: "Have you no sense of decency, sir? At long last, have you left no sense of decency?''
On June 9, 1891, Cole Porter, the American composer and lyricist, was born. Following his death on Oct. 15, 1964, his obituary appeared in The Times.

On This Date

1870Author Charles Dickens died at age 58.
1891Composer Cole Porter was born in Peru, Ind.
1911Carrie Nation, the hatchet-wielding temperance crusader, died at age 64.
1940Norway surrendered to the Nazis during World War II.
1969The Senate confirmed Warren Burger to be chief justice of the United States, succeeding Earl Warren.
1973Secretariat won horse racing's Triple Crown with a victory at the Belmont Stakes.
1980Comedian Richard Pryor suffered near-fatal burns at his home when a mixture of free-base cocaine exploded.
1986The Rogers Commission released its report on the Challenger disaster, criticizing NASA and rocket-builder Morton Thiokol for management problems leading to the explosion that claimed the lives of seven astronauts.
2008Ken Griffey Jr. of the Cincinnati Reds became the sixth player in baseball history to hit 600 home runs.

Current Birthdays

Natalie Portman, Actress
Actress Natalie Portman turns 30 years old today.
AP Photo/Dan Steinberg
Michael J. Fox, Actor
Actor Michael J. Fox turns 50 years old today.
AP Photo/Peter Kramer
1930Marvin Kalb, Broadcast journalist, turns 81
1939Dick Vitale, Sportscaster, turns 72
1956Patricia Cornwell, Mystery author, turns 55
1961Aaron Sorkin, Writer, producer ("The West Wing"), turns 50
1963Johnny Depp, Actor ("Pirates of the Caribbean" movies), turns 48
1964Gloria Reuben, Actress ("ER"), turns 47
1973Tedy Bruschi, Football player, turns 38

Historic Birthdays

52Peter I (the Great) 6/9/1672 - 2/8/1725
Russian emperor (1682-1725)
66Samuel Slater 6/9/1768 - 4/21/1835
English-born industrialist; helped start American cotton industry
38Otto Nicolai 6/9/1810 - 5/11/1849
German opera composer
71Bertha Suttner 6/9/1843 - 6/21/1914
Austrian novelist and pacifist
67James Stillman 6/9/1850 - 3/15/1918
American financier and banker
70Charles Bonaparte 6/9/1851 - 6/28/1921
American politician; U.S. attorney general (1906-09)
66Carl Nielsen 6/9/1865 - 10/3/1931
Danish violinist, conductor and composer
80S. N. Behrman 6/9/1893 - 9/9/1973
American short-story writer and playwright
74Patrick Steptoe 6/9/1913 - 3/21/1988
English physician and medical researcher

Repárate, corazón



En los próximos años una persona con un alto riesgo de infarto podría tomarse una pastilla que preparara de tal manera a su corazón que ante un problema cardiovascular, estaría listo para repararse él solo, como si fuera su propio cirujano cardiovascular. Hoy parece el argumento de un relato de ciencia ficción, pero puede que ese momento esté más cerca que nunca.
FUENTE | ABC Periódico Electrónico S.A.09/06/2011
Un grupo de investigadores de la Fundación Británica del Corazón ha demostrado por primera vez que el corazón alberga unas células madre con capacidad para regenerar el tejido destruido por un infarto. Estas células están localizadas en la membrana externa que recubre el corazón, en una zona llamada epicardio. En el embrión, estas células se pueden transformar en cualquier célula especializada, incluyendo las células del músculo cardiaco. En la edad adulta, esas células se quedan adormecidas y el equipo de científicos británicos ha descubierto cómo despertarlas para favorecer la reparación de un corazón dañado.

En experimentos con ratones, inyectaron a corazones sanos adultos una molécula llamada timosina beta 4 para intentar activar a ese ejército de células silentes. Después repitieron esta estrategia tras provocar un infarto a los roedores. El tratamiento activó las células madre del epicardio y facilitó su transformación en nuevas células del músculo cardiaco que empezaron a favorecer la regeneración del corazón.

Si esta misma situación se repitiera en corazones humanos, estaríamos ante el «santo grial» de la cardiología. El músculo cardiaco que queda muerto tras un accidente cardiovascular podría sanarse. Hoy no hay tratamiento capaz de regenerar este músculo y la única opción de los enfermos es recurrir a los parches que ofrece la cirugía cardiovascular.

Paul Riley, coordinador de este trabajo tan prometedor que se publica en «Nature», reconoce que aún debemos esperar unos cuantos años para contar con tratamientos basados en su investigación. «Es un gran paso dentro de nuestras investigaciones. Ya habíamos demostrado que se podían regenerar vasos sanguíneos en corazones adultos, aunque teníamos más dudas si podríamos conseguir lo mismo para el músculo cardiaco», explica.

No es la primera vez que se apunta en esta dirección. Otros grupos de investigación llevan años buscando una fórmula para regenerar los corazones tras un infarto. Los primeros tratamientos han utilizado células madre de otros órganos (médula ósea, grasa...) que se inyectaban en el músculo con este fin. Después se pensó que podría bastar con dar un pequeño empujoncito a la naturaleza para que ella misma activara la regeneración, como hacen otras especies animales. Y la investigación británica es la prueba de que no es imposible.

Autor:   N. Ramírez de Castro