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ON THIS DAY

April 12

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On April 12, 1945, Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, died of a cerebral hemorrhage in Warm Springs, Ga., at age 63. Vice President Harry S Truman became president.
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On April 12, 1903, Jan Tinbergen, the Dutch economist who won the Nobel Prize in 1969 for his work with econometric models, was born. Following his death on June 9, 1994, his obituary appeared in The Times.

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On This Date

1606	England adopted the Union Jack as its flag.
1861	The Civil War began as Confederate forces fired on Fort Sumter in South Carolina.
1877	The catcher for Harvard's baseball team, James Tyng, wore a modified fencing mask behind the plate. It is believed to be the first time a catcher's mask was used during a game.
1955	The Salk vaccine against polio was declared safe and effective.
1961	Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man to fly in space, orbiting the Earth once before making a safe landing.
1981	The space shuttle Columbia blasted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla., on its first test flight.
1983	Harold Washington was elected Chicago's first African-American mayor.
1999	U.S. District Judge Susan Webber Wright found President Bill Clinton in contempt of court for giving "intentionally false" testimony in a lawsuit filed by Paula Jones about his relationship with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky.
2002	Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez resigned under pressure from the country's divided military. (He was returned to office two days later.)
2004	Barry Bonds hit his 660th home run to tie Willie Mays for third on baseball's career list. (Bonds is now the career leader in home runs.)
2009	American cargo ship captain Richard Phillips was rescued from Somali pirates by U.S. Navy snipers who shot and killed three of the hostage-takers.

Current Birthdays

Jazz musician Herbie Hancock turns 71 years old today.

AP Photo/Dan Steinberg

Actress Claire Danes turns 32 years old today.

AP Photo/Evan Agostini

1933	Montserrat Caballe, Opera singer, turns 78
1942	Frank Bank, Actor ("Leave it to Beaver"), turns 69
1944	John Kay, Rock singer (Steppenwolf), turns 67
1946	Ed O'Neill, Actor ("Married ... With Children"), turns 65
1947	Tom Clancy, Author, turns 64
1947	Dan Lauria, Actor ("The Wonder Years"), turns 64
1947	David Letterman, Talk show host, turns 64
1949	Scott Turow, Author, turns 62
1950	David Cassidy, Actor, singer ("The Partridge Family"), turns 61
1956	Andy Garcia, Actor, turns 55
1957	Vince Gill, Country musician, turns 54
1964	Amy Ray, Folk singer, musician (Indigo Girls), turns 47
1971	Nicholas Brendon, Actor ("Buffy the Vampire Slayer"), turns 40
1971	Shannen Doherty, Actress, turns 40
1979	Jennifer Morrison, Actress ("House M.D."), turns 32
1987	Brendon Urie, Rock musician (Panic at the Disco), turns 24
1994	Saoirse Ronan, Actress ("Atonement," "The Lovely Bones"), turns 17

Historic Birthdays

Jan Tinbergen4/12/1903 - 6/9/1994Dutch Nobel Prize-winning economist (1969).Go to obituary »

74	Joachim Camerarius 4/12/1500 - 4/17/1574 German Lutheran theologian
54	Edward de Vere, Earl of Oxford 4/12/1550 - 6/24/1604 English poet and patron of the Oxford's Men acting company
75	Henry Clay 4/12/1777 - 6/29/1852 American politician; U.S. congressman and senator (1806-52)
89	John Strachan 4/12/1778 - 11/1/1867 Scottish-born Canadian educator and first Anglican bishop of Toronto
85	Grenville Dodge 4/12/1831 - 1/3/1916 American engineer; chief engineer of Union Pacific Railroad (1866-70)
72	Sir James Mackenzie 4/12/1853 - 1/26/1925 Scottish cardiologist; pioneer in the study of cardiac arrhythmia
93	Imogen Cunningham 4/12/1883 - 6/24/1976 American photographer of plants and portraits
78	Lily Pons 4/12/1898 - 2/13/1976 French coloratura soprano
78	Pete Desjardins 4/12/1907 - 5/6/1985 American diver; 1928 Olympic medallist